微信服务号绑定网站,程序开发 网站开发,企业案例网站,网站原型怎么做在当今快速发展的Web开发领域#xff0c;Django REST Framework#xff08;DRF#xff09;以其强大的功能和灵活性成为了众多开发者的首选。然而#xff0c;错误的使用方法不仅会导致项目进度延误#xff0c;还可能影响性能和安全性。本文将从我个人本身遇到的相关坑来给大…在当今快速发展的Web开发领域Django REST FrameworkDRF以其强大的功能和灵活性成为了众多开发者的首选。然而错误的使用方法不仅会导致项目进度延误还可能影响性能和安全性。本文将从我个人本身遇到的相关坑来给大家避坑。
一、API性能优化
坑响应太慢
import os
from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackendfrom rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework import filters
from rest_framework import permissions, authentication
from rest_framework.decorators import action
from rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication import JWTAuthenticationfrom utils.rest_framework_util.pagination import CommonPagination
from utils.rest_framework_util.response import rtn_success_info, rtn_error_info
from utils.rest_framework_util.excel_util import ExcelUtil, write_excel_file
from utils.utils import get_current_time_format
from utils.oss.tx_upload import CommonUpload
from drf_yasg import openapi__all__ {CommonViewSet,CommonUserViewSet
}from drf_yasg.utils import swagger_auto_schema
from drf_yasg import openapiclass CommonViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):permission_classes ()authentication_classes ()filter_backends [ DjangoFilterBackend, filters.SearchFilter]search_fields [id]save_export_folder static/save_export/pagination_class CommonPaginationdef list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):queryset self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())len_model len(queryset)page self.paginate_queryset(queryset)if page is not None:serializer self.get_serializer(page, manyTrue)response_data {total: len_model,list: serializer.data}return rtn_success_info(response_data, msg查询数据成功)serializer self.get_serializer(queryset, manyTrue)return rtn_success_info(serializer.data)def retrieve(self, request, *args, **kwargs):instance self.get_object()serializer self.get_serializer(instance)return rtn_success_info(serializer.data)def update(self, request, *args, **kwargs):put 修改try:partial kwargs.pop(partial, False)instance self.get_object()serializer self.get_serializer(instance, datarequest.data, partialpartial)serializer.is_valid(raise_exceptionTrue)self.perform_update(serializer)if getattr(instance, _prefetched_objects_cache, None):# If prefetch_related has been applied to a queryset, we need to# forcibly invalidate the prefetch cache on the instance.instance._prefetched_objects_cache {}return rtn_success_info(serializer.data, msg修改数据成功)except Exception as e:return rtn_error_info(msge)def destroy(self, request, *args, **kwargs):instance self.get_object()self.perform_destroy(instance)return rtn_success_info(msg数据删除成功)def perform_destroy(self, instance):instance.delete()def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):serializer self.get_serializer(datarequest.data)serializer.is_valid(raise_exceptionTrue)self.perform_create(serializer)return rtn_success_info(serializer.data, msg创建数据成功)action(detailFalse, methods[POST])def data_import(self, request, *args, **kwargs):response_data_list []file request.FILES.get(file, None)if file is None:return rtn_error_info(需要传入file文件)else:title_list, data_list ExcelUtil(file).read_data()serializer_class self.get_serializer_class()model serializer_class.Meta.modeltry:if model is not None:model.objects.create()for create_data in data_list:response_data {}for index_, title in enumerate(title_list):response_data[title] create_data[index_]if response_data.get(id, None) is not None:response_data.pop(id)serializer self.get_serializer(dataresponse_data)if serializer.is_valid():# 创建self.perform_create(serializer)except Exception as e:return rtn_error_info(f数据导入失败:{e})response_data_list data_listreturn rtn_success_info(dataresponse_data_list, msg导入数据成功)action(detailFalse, methods[POST])def data_export(self, request, *args, **kwargs):id_list request.data.get(ids, None)queryset self.get_queryset()row_data_list []is_first Falsetitle_list []title for data in queryset:title data.__class__.__name__if not is_first:data_list []for data_meta in data._meta.fields:data_list.append(data_meta.name)title_list.append(data_meta.name)row_data_list.append(data_list) # titleis_first Truebreakfor value_data in queryset.values():data_info []if id_list is not None:for id_ in id_list:if int(value_data[id]) int(id_):for title in title_list:data_info.append(value_data[title])else:for title in title_list:data_info.append(value_data[title])if len(data_info) 0:row_data_list.append(data_info)excel_file_name f{title}_{get_current_time_format(%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S)}.xlsxif not os.path.exists(self.save_export_folder):os.makedirs(self.save_export_folder)write_excel_file(row_data_list, f{self.save_export_folder}{excel_file_name})if os.path.exists(f{self.save_export_folder}{excel_file_name}):url CommonUpload().cos_upload_file(f{self.save_export_folder}{excel_file_name})data {excel_url: url}return rtn_success_info(data, 导出成功)return rtn_error_info(导出失败)class CommonUserViewSet(CommonViewSet):带用户权限的ViewSetArgs:viewsets (_type_): _description_Returns:_type_: _description_permission_classes [permissions.IsAuthenticated]authentication_classes [JWTAuthentication, authentication.SessionAuthentication,authentication.BasicAuthentication]def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):data request.datadata[user] request.user.idserializer self.get_serializer(datadata)serializer.is_valid(raise_exceptionTrue)self.perform_create(serializer)return rtn_success_info(serializer.data, msg创建数据成功)def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):queryset self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())len_model len(queryset)page self.paginate_queryset(queryset)if page is not None:serializer self.get_serializer(page, manyTrue)response_data {total: len_model,list: serializer.data}return rtn_success_info(response_data, msg查询数据成功)serializer self.get_serializer(queryset, manyTrue)return rtn_success_info(serializer.data)以这块代码为例大家会发现一个问题虽然都封装了ViewSet但是他的响应速度比之前慢很多原因何在问题就出现在len_model len(queryset)上因为当前的len(queryset)会遍历每一个model导致性能缓慢正确的修改方式是使用queryset.count()会大幅度的提高性能直接获取里面的变量。 图片
二、复杂权限管理 针对于这类的权限管理其实DRF也给咱们弄好了但是基于实际业务场景的复杂性本人也提供给大家一个参考的可定制化的代码 1.通过定制通用类的permissions
class CommonUserViewSet(CommonViewSet):带用户权限的ViewSetArgs:viewsets (_type_): _description_Returns:_type_: _description_permission_classes [permissions.IsAuthenticated]authentication_classes [JWTAuthentication, authentication.SessionAuthentication,authentication.BasicAuthentication]
类似这个这个是用于基础的认证比方说用户需要登陆才能确认的使用这个比较方便。
2.特定用户
这类的需求可以通过获取self.request.user来判断其中可以通过获取用户是否为超级用户以及username等判断大大提高drf的灵活性最后大家还遇到哪些坑也可以分享在评论区中大家一起排雷祝大家春节喜乐觉得有用的话可以分享以及关注哈
