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Tkinter是Python的标准GUI库#xff0c;也是最常用的Python GUI库之一#xff0c;提供了丰富的组件和功能#xff0c;包括窗口、按钮、标签、文本框、列表框、滚动条、画布、菜单等#xff0c;方便开发者进行图形界面的开发。Tkinter库基于Tk for Unix/Wind…
Tkinter标准库
Tkinter是Python的标准GUI库也是最常用的Python GUI库之一提供了丰富的组件和功能包括窗口、按钮、标签、文本框、列表框、滚动条、画布、菜单等方便开发者进行图形界面的开发。Tkinter库基于Tk for Unix/Windows/macOS由Tcl语言编写。使用Tkinter可以快速创建桌面应用程序并支持多平台Windows、macOS、Linux等。
tkinter控件全集
在python中导入tkinter库后有18种控件(也称组件)
导入方式import tkinter as tk
Button、Canvas、Checkbutton、Entry、Frame、Label、LabelFrame、Listbox、Menu、Menubutton、Message、OptionMenu、PanedWindow、Radiobutton、Scale、Scrollbar、Spinbox、Text
最学见的按钮、文本框、标签、列表框等都在里边唯独没看到组合框ComboBox。查过资料后才知道tkinter库中还有一子模块tkinter.ttk它包含有包括Combobox在内的20种控件
导入方式from tkinter import ttk
Button、Checkbutton、Combobox、Entry、Frame、Label、LabelFrame、LabeledScale、Labelframe、Menubutton、Notebook、OptionMenu、PanedWindow、Progressbar、Radiobutton、Scale、Scrollbar、Separator、Sizegrip、Spinbox、Treeview 请注意某些控件在两个模块中都存在如Button, Checkbutton, Entry等但它们在外观和行为上可能会有所不同ttk模块中的控件可以提供更加现代和可定制的外观。以Button为例都以简单的方式表达运行后的外观和行为都有些不同。 import tkinter as tk from tkinter import ttk button1 tk.Button(root, textClick Me, commandbutton_click) button2 ttk.Button(root, textClick Me, commandbutton_click)
如图所示 完整代码如下
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk def button_click(): print(Button clicked!) if __name____main__:root tk.Tk()root.title(Button vs ttk.Button)root.geometry(400x300)button1 tk.Button(root, textClick Me, commandbutton_click)button1.pack(pady60)button2 ttk.Button(root, textClick Me, commandbutton_click)button2.pack(pady20)root.mainloop()
以下将介绍今天的主角ttk.Combobox 组合选择框。 ComboBox 组合选择框
ComboBox 将几个文本字段组合成为一个可弹出的选择列表。它的原版帮助有3万多字呢以下挑一些主要的操作方法简单介绍一下
创建并设置选择项 values [Option 1, Option 2, Option 3, Option 4] combobox ttk.Combobox(root, valuesvalues) combobox.pack()
绑定事件ComboboxSelected combobox.bind(ComboboxSelected, on_select)
获取当前选择项combobox.get()
combobox.get() 以上插图的代码如下
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttkdef on_select(event):label.config(text 当前选择为 combobox.get())if __name____main__:# 创建主窗口root tk.Tk()root.title(Combobox Example)root.geometry(400x300)label tk.Label(root, text请点击下拉框选择)label.pack()# 创建多选下拉框values [Option 1, Option 2, Option 3, Option 4]combobox ttk.Combobox(root, valuesvalues)combobox.pack()combobox.bind(ComboboxSelected, on_select)# 运行主循环root.mainloop()
设置当前显示项combobox.set()
combobox.set() 自定义类 SelectCombobox
把以上内容综合起来自定义一个组合框类
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttkclass SelectCombobox(ttk.Combobox):def __init__(self, masterNone, valuesNone):super().__init__(master, valuesvalues)self.bind(ComboboxSelected, self.on_select)def on_select(self, event):label.config(text 当前选择为 self.get())if __name____main__:# 创建主窗口root tk.Tk()root.title(Combobox Example)root.geometry(400x300)label tk.Label(root, text请点击下拉框选择)label.pack()# 创建多选下拉框values [Option 1, Option 2, Option 3, Option 4]combobox SelectCombobox(root, valuesvalues)combobox.pack()# 运行主循环root.mainloop() 扩展Combobox组合框
拓展成多项选择
Combobox本身不支持多项选择变通方法引入一个列表用于存放已选项奇数次选择一个项则存入列表、反之偶数次选择则移除。 代码如下
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttkclass MultiSelectCombobox(ttk.Combobox):def __init__(self, masterNone, valuesNone, **kwargs):super().__init__(master, valuesvalues, **kwargs)self.bind(ComboboxSelected, self.on_select)self.selected_values []def on_select(self, event):selected_value self.get() # 使用 get 方法获取选中项的值if selected_value in self.selected_values:self.selected_values.remove(selected_value) # 如果已选中则移除该选项else:self.selected_values.append(selected_value) # 如果未选中则添加到已选项列表self.selected_values.sort()if self.selected_values:text 、.join(self.selected_values)else:text 空label2.config(text 当前选择为 text)if __name____main__:# 创建主窗口root tk.Tk()root.title(Multi-Select Combobox Example)root.geometry(400x300)label tk.Label(root, text请选择)label.pack()# 创建多选下拉框values [Option 1, Option 2, Option 3, Option 4]combobox MultiSelectCombobox(root, valuesvalues)combobox.pack()text 当前选择为空label2 tk.Label(root, texttext)label2.pack()# 运行主循环root.mainloop()选项前添加符号
Combobox本身不支持修改选择项变通方法在每次变更选项时都重建一个新的组合框同时把所有的选项前都加上一个全角空格(\u3000)对于已选中的选项则把前面的全角空格替换成对勾符号(\u2713)。
这样子可能更像一个多项选择框如下图 代码如下
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttkdef on_select(event):selected_value combobox.get()selected_value selected_value.replace(\u2713,\u3000)if selected_value in selected_values:selected_values.remove(selected_value)else:selected_values.append(selected_value)selected_values.sort()if selected_values:text 、.join(selected_values).replace(tion ,)else:text 空label.config(text 当前选择为 text)update_combobox_options()def update_combobox_options():global comboboxcombobox.grid_forget()new_values []for v in values:if v in selected_values:new_values.append(v.replace(\u3000,\u2713))else:new_values.append(v)combobox ttk.Combobox(root, valuesnew_values, statereadonly)combobox.place(x100, y30)combobox.set(请点击选择)combobox.bind(ComboboxSelected, on_select)if __name____main__:# 创建主窗口root tk.Tk()root.title(Multi-Select Combobox Example)root.geometry(400x300)# 创建多选下拉框values [Option 1, Option 2, Option 3, Option 4]values [\u3000v for v in values]selected_values []combobox ttk.Combobox(root, valuesvalues, statereadonly)combobox.place(x100, y30)combobox.set(请点击选择)combobox.bind(ComboboxSelected, on_select)text 当前选择为空label tk.Label(root, texttext)label.pack(sidetk.BOTTOM)# 运行主循环root.mainloop()
题外话
以上这些是我自己瞎写的变通代码可能有更好的办法来实现这些功能也有可能ttk模块本身就有这些功能只是我没发现而已。另外如果选择项不至是四个而是有很多最好能在最前面设置两个选项全部选择和取消全选它们不参与进入已选项列表点击它们只为在其它选项上标注对勾同时填满或清空已选项列表。感兴趣的朋友可以自己动手实现这两个功能。 附件一
Combobox 英文帮助 Help on class Combobox in module tkinter.ttk: class Combobox(Entry) | Combobox(masterNone, **kw) | | Ttk Combobox widget combines a text field with a pop-down list of values. | | Method resolution order: | Combobox | Entry | Widget | tkinter.Entry | tkinter.Widget | tkinter.BaseWidget | tkinter.Misc | tkinter.Pack | tkinter.Place | tkinter.Grid | tkinter.XView | builtins.object | | Methods defined here: | | __init__(self, masterNone, **kw) | Construct a Ttk Combobox widget with the parent master. | | STANDARD OPTIONS | | class, cursor, style, takefocus | | WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS | | exportselection, justify, height, postcommand, state, | textvariable, values, width | | current(self, newindexNone) | If newindex is supplied, sets the combobox value to the | element at position newindex in the list of values. Otherwise, | returns the index of the current value in the list of values | or -1 if the current value does not appear in the list. | | set(self, value) | Sets the value of the combobox to value. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from Entry: | | bbox(self, index) | Return a tuple of (x, y, width, height) which describes the | bounding box of the character given by index. | | identify(self, x, y) | Returns the name of the element at position x, y, or the | empty string if the coordinates are outside the window. | | validate(self) | Force revalidation, independent of the conditions specified | by the validate option. Returns False if validation fails, True | if it succeeds. Sets or clears the invalid state accordingly. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from Widget: | | instate(self, statespec, callbackNone, *args, **kw) | Test the widgets state. | | If callback is not specified, returns True if the widget state | matches statespec and False otherwise. If callback is specified, | then it will be invoked with *args, **kw if the widget state | matches statespec. statespec is expected to be a sequence. | | state(self, statespecNone) | Modify or inquire widget state. | | Widget state is returned if statespec is None, otherwise it is | set according to the statespec flags and then a new state spec | is returned indicating which flags were changed. statespec is | expected to be a sequence. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from tkinter.Entry: | | delete(self, first, lastNone) | Delete text from FIRST to LAST (not included). | | get(self) | Return the text. | | icursor(self, index) | Insert cursor at INDEX. | | index(self, index) | Return position of cursor. | | insert(self, index, string) | Insert STRING at INDEX. | | scan_dragto(self, x) | Adjust the view of the canvas to 10 times the | difference between X and Y and the coordinates given in | scan_mark. | | scan_mark(self, x) | Remember the current X, Y coordinates. | | select_adjust selection_adjust(self, index) | | select_clear selection_clear(self) | | select_from selection_from(self, index) | | select_present selection_present(self) | | select_range selection_range(self, start, end) | | select_to selection_to(self, index) | | selection_adjust(self, index) | Adjust the end of the selection near the cursor to INDEX. | | selection_clear(self) | Clear the selection if it is in this widget. | | selection_from(self, index) | Set the fixed end of a selection to INDEX. | | selection_present(self) | Return True if there are characters selected in the entry, False | otherwise. | | selection_range(self, start, end) | Set the selection from START to END (not included). | | selection_to(self, index) | Set the variable end of a selection to INDEX. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from tkinter.BaseWidget: | | destroy(self) | Destroy this and all descendants widgets. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from tkinter.Misc: | | __getitem__ cget(self, key) | | __repr__(self) | Return repr(self). | | __setitem__(self, key, value) | | __str__(self) | Return the window path name of this widget. | | after(self, ms, funcNone, *args) | Call function once after given time. | | MS specifies the time in milliseconds. FUNC gives the | function which shall be called. Additional parameters | are given as parameters to the function call. Return | identifier to cancel scheduling with after_cancel. | | after_cancel(self, id) | Cancel scheduling of function identified with ID. | | Identifier returned by after or after_idle must be | given as first parameter. | | after_idle(self, func, *args) | Call FUNC once if the Tcl main loop has no event to | process. | | Return an identifier to cancel the scheduling with | after_cancel. | | anchor grid_anchor(self, anchorNone) | | bell(self, displayof0) | Ring a displays bell. | | bind(self, sequenceNone, funcNone, addNone) | Bind to this widget at event SEQUENCE a call to function FUNC. | | SEQUENCE is a string of concatenated event | patterns. An event pattern is of the form | MODIFIER-MODIFIER-TYPE-DETAIL where MODIFIER is one | of Control, Mod2, M2, Shift, Mod3, M3, Lock, Mod4, M4, | Button1, B1, Mod5, M5 Button2, B2, Meta, M, Button3, | B3, Alt, Button4, B4, Double, Button5, B5 Triple, | Mod1, M1. TYPE is one of Activate, Enter, Map, | ButtonPress, Button, Expose, Motion, ButtonRelease | FocusIn, MouseWheel, Circulate, FocusOut, Property, | Colormap, Gravity Reparent, Configure, KeyPress, Key, | Unmap, Deactivate, KeyRelease Visibility, Destroy, | Leave and DETAIL is the button number for ButtonPress, | ButtonRelease and DETAIL is the Keysym for KeyPress and | KeyRelease. Examples are | Control-Button-1 for pressing Control and mouse button 1 or | Alt-A for pressing A and the Alt key (KeyPress can be omitted). | An event pattern can also be a virtual event of the form | AString where AString can be arbitrary. This | event can be generated by event_generate. | If events are concatenated they must appear shortly | after each other. | | FUNC will be called if the event sequence occurs with an | instance of Event as argument. If the return value of FUNC is | break no further bound function is invoked. | | An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will | be called additionally to the other bound function or whether | it will replace the previous function. | | Bind will return an identifier to allow deletion of the bound function with | unbind without memory leak. | | If FUNC or SEQUENCE is omitted the bound function or list | of bound events are returned. | | bind_all(self, sequenceNone, funcNone, addNone) | Bind to all widgets at an event SEQUENCE a call to function FUNC. | An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will | be called additionally to the other bound function or whether | it will replace the previous function. See bind for the return value. | | bind_class(self, className, sequenceNone, funcNone, addNone) | Bind to widgets with bindtag CLASSNAME at event | SEQUENCE a call of function FUNC. An additional | boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will be | called additionally to the other bound function or | whether it will replace the previous function. See bind for | the return value. | | bindtags(self, tagListNone) | Set or get the list of bindtags for this widget. | | With no argument return the list of all bindtags associated with | this widget. With a list of strings as argument the bindtags are | set to this list. The bindtags determine in which order events are | processed (see bind). | | cget(self, key) | Return the resource value for a KEY given as string. | | clipboard_append(self, string, **kw) | Append STRING to the Tk clipboard. | | A widget specified at the optional displayof keyword | argument specifies the target display. The clipboard | can be retrieved with selection_get. | | clipboard_clear(self, **kw) | Clear the data in the Tk clipboard. | | A widget specified for the optional displayof keyword | argument specifies the target display. | | clipboard_get(self, **kw) | Retrieve data from the clipboard on windows display. | | The window keyword defaults to the root window of the Tkinter | application. | | The type keyword specifies the form in which the data is | to be returned and should be an atom name such as STRING | or FILE_NAME. Type defaults to STRING, except on X11, where the default | is to try UTF8_STRING and fall back to STRING. | | This command is equivalent to: | | selection_get(CLIPBOARD) | | columnconfigure grid_columnconfigure(self, index, cnf{}, **kw) | | config configure(self, cnfNone, **kw) | | configure(self, cnfNone, **kw) | Configure resources of a widget. | | The values for resources are specified as keyword | arguments. To get an overview about | the allowed keyword arguments call the method keys. | | deletecommand(self, name) | Internal function. | | Delete the Tcl command provided in NAME. | | event_add(self, virtual, *sequences) | Bind a virtual event VIRTUAL (of the form Name) | to an event SEQUENCE such that the virtual event is triggered | whenever SEQUENCE occurs. | | event_delete(self, virtual, *sequences) | Unbind a virtual event VIRTUAL from SEQUENCE. | | event_generate(self, sequence, **kw) | Generate an event SEQUENCE. Additional | keyword arguments specify parameter of the event | (e.g. x, y, rootx, rooty). | | event_info(self, virtualNone) | Return a list of all virtual events or the information | about the SEQUENCE bound to the virtual event VIRTUAL. | | focus focus_set(self) | | focus_displayof(self) | Return the widget which has currently the focus on the | display where this widget is located. | | Return None if the application does not have the focus. | | focus_force(self) | Direct input focus to this widget even if the | application does not have the focus. Use with | caution! | | focus_get(self) | Return the widget which has currently the focus in the | application. | | Use focus_displayof to allow working with several | displays. Return None if application does not have | the focus. | | focus_lastfor(self) | Return the widget which would have the focus if top level | for this widget gets the focus from the window manager. | | focus_set(self) | Direct input focus to this widget. | | If the application currently does not have the focus | this widget will get the focus if the application gets | the focus through the window manager. | | getboolean(self, s) | Return a boolean value for Tcl boolean values true and false given as parameter. | | getdouble(self, s) | | getint(self, s) | | getvar(self, namePY_VAR) | Return value of Tcl variable NAME. | | grab_current(self) | Return widget which has currently the grab in this application | or None. | | grab_release(self) | Release grab for this widget if currently set. | | grab_set(self) | Set grab for this widget. | | A grab directs all events to this and descendant | widgets in the application. | | grab_set_global(self) | Set global grab for this widget. | | A global grab directs all events to this and | descendant widgets on the display. Use with caution - | other applications do not get events anymore. | | grab_status(self) | Return None, local or global if this widget has | no, a local or a global grab. | | grid_anchor(self, anchorNone) | The anchor value controls how to place the grid within the | master when no row/column has any weight. | | The default anchor is nw. | | grid_bbox(self, columnNone, rowNone, col2None, row2None) | Return a tuple of integer coordinates for the bounding | box of this widget controlled by the geometry manager grid. | | If COLUMN, ROW is given the bounding box applies from | the cell with row and column 0 to the specified | cell. If COL2 and ROW2 are given the bounding box | starts at that cell. | | The returned integers specify the offset of the upper left | corner in the master widget and the width and height. | | grid_columnconfigure(self, index, cnf{}, **kw) | Configure column INDEX of a grid. | | Valid resources are minsize (minimum size of the column), | weight (how much does additional space propagate to this column) | and pad (how much space to let additionally). | | grid_location(self, x, y) | Return a tuple of column and row which identify the cell | at which the pixel at position X and Y inside the master | widget is located. | | grid_propagate(self, flag[_noarg_]) | Set or get the status for propagation of geometry information. | | A boolean argument specifies whether the geometry information | of the slaves will determine the size of this widget. If no argument | is given, the current setting will be returned. | | grid_rowconfigure(self, index, cnf{}, **kw) | Configure row INDEX of a grid. | | Valid resources are minsize (minimum size of the row), | weight (how much does additional space propagate to this row) | and pad (how much space to let additionally). | | grid_size(self) | Return a tuple of the number of column and rows in the grid. | | grid_slaves(self, rowNone, columnNone) | Return a list of all slaves of this widget | in its packing order. | | image_names(self) | Return a list of all existing image names. | | image_types(self) | Return a list of all available image types (e.g. photo bitmap). | | info_patchlevel(self) | Returns the exact version of the Tcl library. | | keys(self) | Return a list of all resource names of this widget. | | lift tkraise(self, aboveThisNone) | | lower(self, belowThisNone) | Lower this widget in the stacking order. | | mainloop(self, n0) | Call the mainloop of Tk. | | nametowidget(self, name) | Return the Tkinter instance of a widget identified by | its Tcl name NAME. | | option_add(self, pattern, value, priorityNone) | Set a VALUE (second parameter) for an option | PATTERN (first parameter). | | An optional third parameter gives the numeric priority | (defaults to 80). | | option_clear(self) | Clear the option database. | | It will be reloaded if option_add is called. | | option_get(self, name, className) | Return the value for an option NAME for this widget | with CLASSNAME. | | Values with higher priority override lower values. | | option_readfile(self, fileName, priorityNone) | Read file FILENAME into the option database. | | An optional second parameter gives the numeric | priority. | | pack_propagate(self, flag[_noarg_]) | Set or get the status for propagation of geometry information. | | A boolean argument specifies whether the geometry information | of the slaves will determine the size of this widget. If no argument | is given the current setting will be returned. | | pack_slaves(self) | Return a list of all slaves of this widget | in its packing order. | | place_slaves(self) | Return a list of all slaves of this widget | in its packing order. | | propagate pack_propagate(self, flag[_noarg_]) | | quit(self) | Quit the Tcl interpreter. All widgets will be destroyed. | | register _register(self, func, substNone, needcleanup1) | | rowconfigure grid_rowconfigure(self, index, cnf{}, **kw) | | selection_get(self, **kw) | Return the contents of the current X selection. | | A keyword parameter selection specifies the name of | the selection and defaults to PRIMARY. A keyword | parameter displayof specifies a widget on the display | to use. A keyword parameter type specifies the form of data to be | fetched, defaulting to STRING except on X11, where UTF8_STRING is tried | before STRING. | | selection_handle(self, command, **kw) | Specify a function COMMAND to call if the X | selection owned by this widget is queried by another | application. | | This function must return the contents of the | selection. The function will be called with the | arguments OFFSET and LENGTH which allows the chunking | of very long selections. The following keyword | parameters can be provided: | selection - name of the selection (default PRIMARY), | type - type of the selection (e.g. STRING, FILE_NAME). | | selection_own(self, **kw) | Become owner of X selection. | | A keyword parameter selection specifies the name of | the selection (default PRIMARY). | | selection_own_get(self, **kw) | Return owner of X selection. | | The following keyword parameter can | be provided: | selection - name of the selection (default PRIMARY), | type - type of the selection (e.g. STRING, FILE_NAME). | | send(self, interp, cmd, *args) | Send Tcl command CMD to different interpreter INTERP to be executed. | | setvar(self, namePY_VAR, value1) | Set Tcl variable NAME to VALUE. | | size grid_size(self) | | slaves pack_slaves(self) | | tk_bisque(self) | Change the color scheme to light brown as used in Tk 3.6 and before. | | tk_focusFollowsMouse(self) | The widget under mouse will get automatically focus. Can not | be disabled easily. | | tk_focusNext(self) | Return the next widget in the focus order which follows | widget which has currently the focus. | | The focus order first goes to the next child, then to | the children of the child recursively and then to the | next sibling which is higher in the stacking order. A | widget is omitted if it has the takefocus resource set | to 0. | | tk_focusPrev(self) | Return previous widget in the focus order. See tk_focusNext for details. | | tk_setPalette(self, *args, **kw) | Set a new color scheme for all widget elements. | | A single color as argument will cause that all colors of Tk | widget elements are derived from this. | Alternatively several keyword parameters and its associated | colors can be given. The following keywords are valid: | activeBackground, foreground, selectColor, | activeForeground, highlightBackground, selectBackground, | background, highlightColor, selectForeground, | disabledForeground, insertBackground, troughColor. | | tk_strictMotif(self, booleanNone) | Set Tcl internal variable, whether the look and feel | should adhere to Motif. | | A parameter of 1 means adhere to Motif (e.g. no color | change if mouse passes over slider). | Returns the set value. | | tkraise(self, aboveThisNone) | Raise this widget in the stacking order. | | unbind(self, sequence, funcidNone) | Unbind for this widget for event SEQUENCE the | function identified with FUNCID. | | unbind_all(self, sequence) | Unbind for all widgets for event SEQUENCE all functions. | | unbind_class(self, className, sequence) | Unbind for all widgets with bindtag CLASSNAME for event SEQUENCE | all functions. | | update(self) | Enter event loop until all pending events have been processed by Tcl. | | update_idletasks(self) | Enter event loop until all idle callbacks have been called. This | will update the display of windows but not process events caused by | the user. | | wait_variable(self, namePY_VAR) | Wait until the variable is modified. | | A parameter of type IntVar, StringVar, DoubleVar or | BooleanVar must be given. | | wait_visibility(self, windowNone) | Wait until the visibility of a WIDGET changes | (e.g. it appears). | | If no parameter is given self is used. | | wait_window(self, windowNone) | Wait until a WIDGET is destroyed. | | If no parameter is given self is used. | | waitvar wait_variable(self, namePY_VAR) | | winfo_atom(self, name, displayof0) | Return integer which represents atom NAME. | | winfo_atomname(self, id, displayof0) | Return name of atom with identifier ID. | | winfo_cells(self) | Return number of cells in the colormap for this widget. | | winfo_children(self) | Return a list of all widgets which are children of this widget. | | winfo_class(self) | Return window class name of this widget. | | winfo_colormapfull(self) | Return True if at the last color request the colormap was full. | | winfo_containing(self, rootX, rootY, displayof0) | Return the widget which is at the root coordinates ROOTX, ROOTY. | | winfo_depth(self) | Return the number of bits per pixel. | | winfo_exists(self) | Return true if this widget exists. | | winfo_fpixels(self, number) | Return the number of pixels for the given distance NUMBER | (e.g. 3c) as float. | | winfo_geometry(self) | Return geometry string for this widget in the form widthxheightXY. | | winfo_height(self) | Return height of this widget. | | winfo_id(self) | Return identifier ID for this widget. | | winfo_interps(self, displayof0) | Return the name of all Tcl interpreters for this display. | | winfo_ismapped(self) | Return true if this widget is mapped. | | winfo_manager(self) | Return the window manager name for this widget. | | winfo_name(self) | Return the name of this widget. | | winfo_parent(self) | Return the name of the parent of this widget. | | winfo_pathname(self, id, displayof0) | Return the pathname of the widget given by ID. | | winfo_pixels(self, number) | Rounded integer value of winfo_fpixels. | | winfo_pointerx(self) | Return the x coordinate of the pointer on the root window. | | winfo_pointerxy(self) | Return a tuple of x and y coordinates of the pointer on the root window. | | winfo_pointery(self) | Return the y coordinate of the pointer on the root window. | | winfo_reqheight(self) | Return requested height of this widget. | | winfo_reqwidth(self) | Return requested width of this widget. | | winfo_rgb(self, color) | Return a tuple of integer RGB values in range(65536) for color in this widget. | | winfo_rootx(self) | Return x coordinate of upper left corner of this widget on the | root window. | | winfo_rooty(self) | Return y coordinate of upper left corner of this widget on the | root window. | | winfo_screen(self) | Return the screen name of this widget. | | winfo_screencells(self) | Return the number of the cells in the colormap of the screen | of this widget. | | winfo_screendepth(self) | Return the number of bits per pixel of the root window of the | screen of this widget. | | winfo_screenheight(self) | Return the number of pixels of the height of the screen of this widget | in pixel. | | winfo_screenmmheight(self) | Return the number of pixels of the height of the screen of | this widget in mm. | | winfo_screenmmwidth(self) | Return the number of pixels of the width of the screen of | this widget in mm. | | winfo_screenvisual(self) | Return one of the strings directcolor, grayscale, pseudocolor, | staticcolor, staticgray, or truecolor for the default | colormodel of this screen. | | winfo_screenwidth(self) | Return the number of pixels of the width of the screen of | this widget in pixel. | | winfo_server(self) | Return information of the X-Server of the screen of this widget in | the form XmajorRminor vendor vendorVersion. | | winfo_toplevel(self) | Return the toplevel widget of this widget. | | winfo_viewable(self) | Return true if the widget and all its higher ancestors are mapped. | | winfo_visual(self) | Return one of the strings directcolor, grayscale, pseudocolor, | staticcolor, staticgray, or truecolor for the | colormodel of this widget. | | winfo_visualid(self) | Return the X identifier for the visual for this widget. | | winfo_visualsavailable(self, includeidsFalse) | Return a list of all visuals available for the screen | of this widget. | | Each item in the list consists of a visual name (see winfo_visual), a | depth and if includeids is true is given also the X identifier. | | winfo_vrootheight(self) | Return the height of the virtual root window associated with this | widget in pixels. If there is no virtual root window return the | height of the screen. | | winfo_vrootwidth(self) | Return the width of the virtual root window associated with this | widget in pixel. If there is no virtual root window return the | width of the screen. | | winfo_vrootx(self) | Return the x offset of the virtual root relative to the root | window of the screen of this widget. | | winfo_vrooty(self) | Return the y offset of the virtual root relative to the root | window of the screen of this widget. | | winfo_width(self) | Return the width of this widget. | | winfo_x(self) | Return the x coordinate of the upper left corner of this widget | in the parent. | | winfo_y(self) | Return the y coordinate of the upper left corner of this widget | in the parent. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Data descriptors inherited from tkinter.Misc: | | __dict__ | dictionary for instance variables (if defined) | | __weakref__ | list of weak references to the object (if defined) | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from tkinter.Pack: | | forget pack_forget(self) | | info pack_info(self) | | pack pack_configure(self, cnf{}, **kw) | | pack_configure(self, cnf{}, **kw) | Pack a widget in the parent widget. Use as options: | afterwidget - pack it after you have packed widget | anchorNSEW (or subset) - position widget according to | given direction | beforewidget - pack it before you will pack widget | expandbool - expand widget if parent size grows | fillNONE or X or Y or BOTH - fill widget if widget grows | inmaster - use master to contain this widget | in_master - see in option description | ipadxamount - add internal padding in x direction | ipadyamount - add internal padding in y direction | padxamount - add padding in x direction | padyamount - add padding in y direction | sideTOP or BOTTOM or LEFT or RIGHT - where to add this widget. | | pack_forget(self) | Unmap this widget and do not use it for the packing order. | | pack_info(self) | Return information about the packing options | for this widget. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from tkinter.Place: | | place place_configure(self, cnf{}, **kw) | | place_configure(self, cnf{}, **kw) | Place a widget in the parent widget. Use as options: | inmaster - master relative to which the widget is placed | in_master - see in option description | xamount - locate anchor of this widget at position x of master | yamount - locate anchor of this widget at position y of master | relxamount - locate anchor of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0 | relative to width of master (1.0 is right edge) | relyamount - locate anchor of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0 | relative to height of master (1.0 is bottom edge) | anchorNSEW (or subset) - position anchor according to given direction | widthamount - width of this widget in pixel | heightamount - height of this widget in pixel | relwidthamount - width of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0 | relative to width of master (1.0 is the same width | as the master) | relheightamount - height of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0 | relative to height of master (1.0 is the same | height as the master) | bordermodeinside or outside - whether to take border width of | master widget into account | | place_forget(self) | Unmap this widget. | | place_info(self) | Return information about the placing options | for this widget. | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from tkinter.Grid: | | grid grid_configure(self, cnf{}, **kw) | | grid_configure(self, cnf{}, **kw) | Position a widget in the parent widget in a grid. Use as options: | columnnumber - use cell identified with given column (starting with 0) | columnspannumber - this widget will span several columns | inmaster - use master to contain this widget | in_master - see in option description | ipadxamount - add internal padding in x direction | ipadyamount - add internal padding in y direction | padxamount - add padding in x direction | padyamount - add padding in y direction | rownumber - use cell identified with given row (starting with 0) | rowspannumber - this widget will span several rows | stickyNSEW - if cell is larger on which sides will this | widget stick to the cell boundary | | grid_forget(self) | Unmap this widget. | | grid_info(self) | Return information about the options | for positioning this widget in a grid. | | grid_remove(self) | Unmap this widget but remember the grid options. | | location grid_location(self, x, y) | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Methods inherited from tkinter.XView: | | xview(self, *args) | Query and change the horizontal position of the view. | | xview_moveto(self, fraction) | Adjusts the view in the window so that FRACTION of the | total width of the canvas is off-screen to the left. | | xview_scroll(self, number, what) | Shift the x-view according to NUMBER which is measured in units | or pages (WHAT). 附件二
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