dedecms建网站,做网站优化公司排行,做公益网站有什么要求,成都好玩的地方排行榜文章目录 一、使用中断的步骤二、相关函数分析1、HAL_UART_IRQHandler2、UART_Receive_IT3、HAL_UART_Receive_IT4、UART_Start_Receive_IT5、总结 三、HAL库使用心得 一、使用中断的步骤
1、配置GPIO 2、配置USART1 3、设置UART1中断优先级#xff08;不开启手动中断#x… 文章目录 一、使用中断的步骤二、相关函数分析1、HAL_UART_IRQHandler2、UART_Receive_IT3、HAL_UART_Receive_IT4、UART_Start_Receive_IT5、总结 三、HAL库使用心得 一、使用中断的步骤
1、配置GPIO 2、配置USART1 3、设置UART1中断优先级不开启手动中断中断由HAL库给好的函数开启 4、设置USART1中断服务函数调用HAL给好的中断服务函数 5、设置回调函数HAL定义了一个弱函数需要用户自己重定义 6、开启USART1接收中断
二、相关函数分析
1、HAL_UART_IRQHandler
在中断服务函数USART1_IRQHandler中调用进行USART中断的处理。
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{HAL_UART_IRQHandler(huart1);
}查看函数源码
void HAL_UART_IRQHandler(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{uint32_t isrflags READ_REG(huart-Instance-SR); //#define READ_REG(REG) ((REG))uint32_t cr1its READ_REG(huart-Instance-CR1);uint32_t cr3its READ_REG(huart-Instance-CR3);uint32_t errorflags 0x00U;uint32_t dmarequest 0x00U;/* If no error occurs */errorflags (isrflags (uint32_t)(USART_SR_PE | USART_SR_FE | USART_SR_ORE | USART_SR_NE));//USART_SR_PE 32位PE位为1其余为0是一个掩码 #define USART_SR_PE USART_SR_PE_Msk // isrflags 时SR的值与这几位的掩码与若这些位无置位则结果位0.表示错误位都没有置为无错误发生if (errorflags RESET)// 0 无错误{/* UART in mode Receiver -------------------------------------------------*/if (((isrflags USART_SR_RXNE) ! RESET) ((cr1its USART_CR1_RXNEIE) ! RESET)){//接收数据寄存器非空 且 接收中断使能UART_Receive_IT(huart);//中断接收函数return;}}
//错误发生时/* If some errors occur */if ((errorflags ! RESET) (((cr3its USART_CR3_EIE) ! RESET)|| ((cr1its (USART_CR1_RXNEIE | USART_CR1_PEIE)) ! RESET))){/* UART parity error interrupt occurred ----------------------------------*/if (((isrflags USART_SR_PE) ! RESET) ((cr1its USART_CR1_PEIE) ! RESET)){huart-ErrorCode | HAL_UART_ERROR_PE;}/* UART noise error interrupt occurred -----------------------------------*/if (((isrflags USART_SR_NE) ! RESET) ((cr3its USART_CR3_EIE) ! RESET)){huart-ErrorCode | HAL_UART_ERROR_NE;}/* UART frame error interrupt occurred -----------------------------------*/if (((isrflags USART_SR_FE) ! RESET) ((cr3its USART_CR3_EIE) ! RESET)){huart-ErrorCode | HAL_UART_ERROR_FE;}/* UART Over-Run interrupt occurred --------------------------------------*/if (((isrflags USART_SR_ORE) ! RESET) (((cr1its USART_CR1_RXNEIE) ! RESET)|| ((cr3its USART_CR3_EIE) ! RESET))){huart-ErrorCode | HAL_UART_ERROR_ORE;}/* Call UART Error Call back function if need be --------------------------*/if (huart-ErrorCode ! HAL_UART_ERROR_NONE){/* UART in mode Receiver -----------------------------------------------*/if (((isrflags USART_SR_RXNE) ! RESET) ((cr1its USART_CR1_RXNEIE) ! RESET)){UART_Receive_IT(huart);}/* If Overrun error occurs, or if any error occurs in DMA mode reception,consider error as blocking */dmarequest HAL_IS_BIT_SET(huart-Instance-CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR);if (((huart-ErrorCode HAL_UART_ERROR_ORE) ! RESET) || dmarequest){/* Blocking error : transfer is abortedSet the UART state ready to be able to start again the process,Disable Rx Interrupts, and disable Rx DMA request, if ongoing */UART_EndRxTransfer(huart);/* Disable the UART DMA Rx request if enabled */if (HAL_IS_BIT_SET(huart-Instance-CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR)){ATOMIC_CLEAR_BIT(huart-Instance-CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR);/* Abort the UART DMA Rx channel */if (huart-hdmarx ! NULL){/* Set the UART DMA Abort callback :will lead to call HAL_UART_ErrorCallback() at end of DMA abort procedure */huart-hdmarx-XferAbortCallback UART_DMAAbortOnError;if (HAL_DMA_Abort_IT(huart-hdmarx) ! HAL_OK){/* Call Directly XferAbortCallback function in case of error */huart-hdmarx-XferAbortCallback(huart-hdmarx);}}else{/* Call user error callback */
#if (USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS 1)/*Call registered error callback*/huart-ErrorCallback(huart);
#else/*Call legacy weak error callback*/HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(huart);
#endif /* USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */}}else{/* Call user error callback */
#if (USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS 1)/*Call registered error callback*/huart-ErrorCallback(huart);
#else/*Call legacy weak error callback*/HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(huart);
#endif /* USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */}}else{/* Non Blocking error : transfer could go on.Error is notified to user through user error callback */
#if (USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS 1)/*Call registered error callback*/huart-ErrorCallback(huart);
#else/*Call legacy weak error callback*/HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(huart);
#endif /* USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */huart-ErrorCode HAL_UART_ERROR_NONE;}}return;} /* End if some error occurs *//* Check current reception Mode :If Reception till IDLE event has been selected : */if ((huart-ReceptionType HAL_UART_RECEPTION_TOIDLE) ((isrflags USART_SR_IDLE) ! 0U) ((cr1its USART_SR_IDLE) ! 0U)){__HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(huart);/* Check if DMA mode is enabled in UART */if (HAL_IS_BIT_SET(huart-Instance-CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR)){/* DMA mode enabled *//* Check received length : If all expected data are received, do nothing,(DMA cplt callback will be called).Otherwise, if at least one data has already been received, IDLE event is to be notified to user */uint16_t nb_remaining_rx_data (uint16_t) __HAL_DMA_GET_COUNTER(huart-hdmarx);if ((nb_remaining_rx_data 0U) (nb_remaining_rx_data huart-RxXferSize)){/* Reception is not complete */huart-RxXferCount nb_remaining_rx_data;/* In Normal mode, end DMA xfer and HAL UART Rx process*/if (huart-hdmarx-Init.Mode ! DMA_CIRCULAR){/* Disable PE and ERR (Frame error, noise error, overrun error) interrupts */ATOMIC_CLEAR_BIT(huart-Instance-CR1, USART_CR1_PEIE);ATOMIC_CLEAR_BIT(huart-Instance-CR3, USART_CR3_EIE);/* Disable the DMA transfer for the receiver request by resetting the DMAR bitin the UART CR3 register */ATOMIC_CLEAR_BIT(huart-Instance-CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR);/* At end of Rx process, restore huart-RxState to Ready */huart-RxState HAL_UART_STATE_READY;huart-ReceptionType HAL_UART_RECEPTION_STANDARD;ATOMIC_CLEAR_BIT(huart-Instance-CR1, USART_CR1_IDLEIE);/* Last bytes received, so no need as the abort is immediate */(void)HAL_DMA_Abort(huart-hdmarx);}/* Initialize type of RxEvent that correspond to RxEvent callback execution;In this case, Rx Event type is Idle Event */huart-RxEventType HAL_UART_RXEVENT_IDLE;#if (USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS 1)/*Call registered Rx Event callback*/huart-RxEventCallback(huart, (huart-RxXferSize - huart-RxXferCount));
#else/*Call legacy weak Rx Event callback*/HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(huart, (huart-RxXferSize - huart-RxXferCount));
#endif /* USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */}return;}else{/* DMA mode not enabled *//* Check received length : If all expected data are received, do nothing.Otherwise, if at least one data has already been received, IDLE event is to be notified to user */uint16_t nb_rx_data huart-RxXferSize - huart-RxXferCount;if ((huart-RxXferCount 0U) (nb_rx_data 0U)){/* Disable the UART Parity Error Interrupt and RXNE interrupts */ATOMIC_CLEAR_BIT(huart-Instance-CR1, (USART_CR1_RXNEIE | USART_CR1_PEIE));/* Disable the UART Error Interrupt: (Frame error, noise error, overrun error) */ATOMIC_CLEAR_BIT(huart-Instance-CR3, USART_CR3_EIE);/* Rx process is completed, restore huart-RxState to Ready */huart-RxState HAL_UART_STATE_READY;huart-ReceptionType HAL_UART_RECEPTION_STANDARD;ATOMIC_CLEAR_BIT(huart-Instance-CR1, USART_CR1_IDLEIE);/* Initialize type of RxEvent that correspond to RxEvent callback execution;In this case, Rx Event type is Idle Event */huart-RxEventType HAL_UART_RXEVENT_IDLE;#if (USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS 1)/*Call registered Rx complete callback*/huart-RxEventCallback(huart, nb_rx_data);
#else/*Call legacy weak Rx Event callback*/HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(huart, nb_rx_data);
#endif /* USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */}return;}}/* UART in mode Transmitter ------------------------------------------------*/if (((isrflags USART_SR_TXE) ! RESET) ((cr1its USART_CR1_TXEIE) ! RESET)){UART_Transmit_IT(huart);return;}/* UART in mode Transmitter end --------------------------------------------*/if (((isrflags USART_SR_TC) ! RESET) ((cr1its USART_CR1_TCIE) ! RESET)){UART_EndTransmit_IT(huart);return;}
}2、UART_Receive_IT
中断接收函数被HAL_UART_IRQHandler 调用
static HAL_StatusTypeDef UART_Receive_IT(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{uint8_t *pdata8bits;uint16_t *pdata16bits;/* Check that a Rx process is ongoing */if (huart-RxState HAL_UART_STATE_BUSY_RX)//判断接收过程是否任然在进行{if ((huart-Init.WordLength UART_WORDLENGTH_9B) (huart-Init.Parity UART_PARITY_NONE)){//设置为9位数据而且无校验时的处理pdata8bits NULL;pdata16bits (uint16_t *) huart-pRxBuffPtr;*pdata16bits (uint16_t)(huart-Instance-DR (uint16_t)0x01FF);huart-pRxBuffPtr 2U;}else{pdata8bits (uint8_t *) huart-pRxBuffPtr;//pdata16bits NULL;if ((huart-Init.WordLength UART_WORDLENGTH_9B) || ((huart-Init.WordLength UART_WORDLENGTH_8B) (huart-Init.Parity UART_PARITY_NONE))){//设置为8位数据时无校验或9位数据位时的处理*pdata8bits (uint8_t)(huart-Instance-DR (uint8_t)0x00FF);//从数据寄存器接收8位数据}else{*pdata8bits (uint8_t)(huart-Instance-DR (uint8_t)0x007F);//从数据寄存器接收7位数据}huart-pRxBuffPtr 1U;//buff指针加一}if (--huart-RxXferCount 0U)//此时已经接收了最后一位数据 huart-RxXferCount 1;{//关闭所有中断设置usart1 的句柄的各个标志位/* Disable the UART Data Register not empty Interrupt */__HAL_UART_DISABLE_IT(huart, UART_IT_RXNE);/* Disable the UART Parity Error Interrupt */__HAL_UART_DISABLE_IT(huart, UART_IT_PE);/* Disable the UART Error Interrupt: (Frame error, noise error, overrun error) */__HAL_UART_DISABLE_IT(huart, UART_IT_ERR);/* Rx process is completed, restore huart-RxState to Ready */huart-RxState HAL_UART_STATE_READY;/* Initialize type of RxEvent to Transfer Complete */huart-RxEventType HAL_UART_RXEVENT_TC;/* Check current reception Mode :If Reception till IDLE event has been selected : */if (huart-ReceptionType HAL_UART_RECEPTION_TOIDLE){//开启了空闲中断关闭空闲中断/* Set reception type to Standard */huart-ReceptionType HAL_UART_RECEPTION_STANDARD;/* Disable IDLE interrupt */ATOMIC_CLEAR_BIT(huart-Instance-CR1, USART_CR1_IDLEIE);/* Check if IDLE flag is set */if (__HAL_UART_GET_FLAG(huart, UART_FLAG_IDLE)){/* Clear IDLE flag in ISR */__HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(huart);}
//接收完成且开启了空闲中断时调用此函数
#if (USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS 1)/*Call registered Rx Event callback*/huart-RxEventCallback(huart, huart-RxXferSize);
#else/*Call legacy weak Rx Event callback*/HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(huart, huart-RxXferSize);
#endif /* USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */}else{/* Standard reception API called *///接收完成没有开启空闲中断时选择处理的回调函数
#if (USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS 1)/*Call registered Rx complete callback*/huart-RxCpltCallback(huart);
#else/*Call legacy weak Rx complete callback*/HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(huart);
#endif /* USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */}return HAL_OK;}return HAL_OK;}else{return HAL_BUSY;}
}3、HAL_UART_Receive_IT
判断USART句柄的接收状态调用UART_Start_Receive_IT 开启中断。
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_Receive_IT(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size)
{/* Check that a Rx process is not already ongoing */if (huart-RxState HAL_UART_STATE_READY)//判断usart状态{if ((pData NULL) || (Size 0U))//判断参数是否有效{return HAL_ERROR;}/* Set Reception type to Standard reception */huart-ReceptionType HAL_UART_RECEPTION_STANDARD;//设置接收状态return (UART_Start_Receive_IT(huart, pData, Size));//调用接收中断开启函数}else{return HAL_BUSY;}
}4、UART_Start_Receive_IT
HAL_StatusTypeDef UART_Start_Receive_IT(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size)
{huart-pRxBuffPtr pData;//缓冲区指针初始化huart-RxXferSize Size;//缓冲区大小初始化huart-RxXferCount Size;//接收数据总大小初始化 会在接收时减小huart-ErrorCode HAL_UART_ERROR_NONE;//错误码设置huart-RxState HAL_UART_STATE_BUSY_RX;//接收状态设置if (huart-Init.Parity ! UART_PARITY_NONE){/* Enable the UART Parity Error Interrupt */__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(huart, UART_IT_PE);}//开启错误中断和接收中断/* Enable the UART Error Interrupt: (Frame error, noise error, overrun error) */__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(huart, UART_IT_ERR);/* Enable the UART Data Register not empty Interrupt */__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(huart, UART_IT_RXNE);return HAL_OK;
}5、总结
在使用标准库时需要我们先初始化GPIO再初始化USART然后设置中断优先级并开启中断。在HAL库中只需要我们初始化GPIO和USART并设置中断优先级中断的开启和数据的接收都在HAL中封装好了函数并使用回调函数的方式在接收完成后对数据进行处理。需要注意的是USART的中断在HAL_UART_Receive_IT中调用UART_Start_Receive_IT开启相关中断在ISR函数中只需调用HAL_UART_IRQHander函数。每次接收完成后相关的中断都会关闭需要再次调用HAL_UART_Receive_IT函数开启中断这也是刚开始用HAL库时常常疑惑的地方为什么要在初始化时调用一次HAL_UART_Receive_IT函数在接收完成后的处理函数中要调用HAL_UART_Receive_IT 当然我们也可以自己调用相关的宏开启中断在ISR中写自己的处理函数但是这样就不能够调用HAL库提供的函数接收数据了因为在HAL库中将外设抽象为句柄在其中有许多的标志位我们一旦自己自己调用中断操作后面又使用HAL库的API就会因为外设句柄中的标志位与实际不符而返回错误状态导致程序卡死。
三、HAL库使用心得
