台州手机网站制作,英文网站建设目的,筹建网站信息技术,vi设计案例ppt目录 一、环境准备
1.1、主机初始化配置
1.2、部署docker环境
二、部署kubernetes集群
2.1、组件介绍
2.2、配置阿里云yum源
2.3、安装kubelet kubeadm kubectl
2.4、配置init-config.yaml
2.5、安装master节点
2.6、安装node节点
2.7、安装flannel、cni
2.8、部署测…
目录 一、环境准备
1.1、主机初始化配置
1.2、部署docker环境
二、部署kubernetes集群
2.1、组件介绍
2.2、配置阿里云yum源
2.3、安装kubelet kubeadm kubectl
2.4、配置init-config.yaml
2.5、安装master节点
2.6、安装node节点
2.7、安装flannel、cni
2.8、部署测试应用
3、部署Prometheus监控平台
3.1、准备Prometheus相关YAML文件
3.2、部署prometheus
4、部署Grafana服务
4.1、部署Grafana相关yaml文件
4.2、配置Grafana数据源 一、环境准备 操作系统 IP地址 主机名 组件 CentOS7.5 192.168.147.137 k8s-master kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、docker-ce CentOS7.5 192.168.147.139 k8s-node01 kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、docker-ce CentOS7.5 192.168.147.140 k8s-node02 kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl、docker-ce
注意所有主机配置推荐CPU2C Memory2G
项目拓扑 1.1、主机初始化配置
所有主机配置禁用防火墙和selinux
[rootlocalhost ~]# setenforce 0
[rootlocalhost ~]# iptables -F
[rootlocalhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[rootlocalhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[rootlocalhost ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager
[rootlocalhost ~]# systemctl disable NetworkManager
[rootlocalhost ~]# sed -i /^SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/ /etc/selinux/config配置主机名并绑定hosts不同主机名称不同
[rootlocalhost ~]# hostname k8s-master
[rootlocalhost ~]# bash
[rootk8s-master ~]# cat EOF /etc/hosts
192.168.147.137 k8s-master
192.168.147.139 k8s-node01
192.168.147.140 k8s-node02
EOF[rootk8s-master ~]# scp /etc/hosts 192.168.200.112:/etc/
[rootk8s-master ~]# scp /etc/hosts 192.168.200.113:/etc/[rootlocalhost ~]# hostname k8s-node01
[rootlocalhost ~]# bash
[rootk8s-node01 ~]#[rootlocalhost ~]# hostname k8s-node02
[rootlocalhost ~]# bash
[rootk8s-node02 ~]#主机配置初始化
[rootk8s-master ~]# yum -y install vim wget net-tools lrzsz[rootk8s-master ~]# swapoff -a
[rootk8s-master ~]# sed -i /swap/s/^/#/ /etc/fstab[rootk8s-node01 ~]# cat EOF /etc/sysctl.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables 1
EOF
[rootk8s-node01 ~]# modprobe br_netfilter
[rootk8s-node01 ~]# sysctl -p1.2、部署docker环境
三台主机上分别部署 Docker 环境因为 Kubernetes 对容器的编排需要 Docker 的支持。
[rootk8s-master ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[rootk8s-master ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2使用 YUM 方式安装 Docker 时推荐使用阿里的 YUM 源。
[rootk8s-master ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo[rootk8s-master ~]# yum clean all yum makecache fast [rootk8s-master ~]# yum -y install docker-ce
[rootk8s-master ~]# systemctl start docker
[rootk8s-master ~]# systemctl enable docker镜像加速器所有主机配置
[rootk8s-master ~]# cat END /etc/docker/daemon.json
{registry-mirrors:[ https://nyakyfun.mirror.aliyuncs.com ]
}
END
[rootk8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[rootk8s-master ~]# systemctl restart docker二、部署kubernetes集群
2.1、组件介绍
三个节点都需要安装下面三个组件
kubeadm安装工具使所有的组件都会以容器的方式运行kubectl客户端连接K8S API工具kubelet运行在node节点用来启动容器的工具
2.2、配置阿里云yum源
使用 YUM 方式安装 Kubernetes时推荐使用阿里的 YUM 源。
[rootk8s-master ~]# cat EOF /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
nameKubernetes
baseurlhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled1
gpgcheck1
repo_gpgcheck1
gpgkeyhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpghttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF[rootk8s-master ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
backup Centos-7.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo docker-ce.repo kubernetes.repo2.3、安装kubelet kubeadm kubectl
所有主机配置
[rootk8s-master ~]# yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
[rootk8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kubeletkubelet 刚安装完成后通过 systemctl start kubelet 方式是无法启动的需要加入节点或初始化为 master 后才可启动成功。
2.4、配置init-config.yaml
Kubeadm 提供了很多配置项Kubeadm 配置在 Kubernetes 集群中是存储在ConfigMap 中的也可将这些配置写入配置文件方便管理复杂的配置项。Kubeadm 配内容是通过 kubeadm config 命令写入配置文件的。 在master节点安装master 定于为192.168.147.137通过如下指令创建默认的init-config.yaml文件
[rootk8s-master ~]# kubeadm config print init-defaults init-config.yaml
init-config.yaml配置
[rootk8s-master ~]# cat init-config.yaml
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:- system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-tokentoken: abcdef.0123456789abcdefttl: 24h0m0susages:- signing- authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:advertiseAddress: 192.168.147.137 //master节点IP地址bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:criSocket: /var/run/dockershim.sockname: k8s-master //如果使用域名保证可以解析或直接使用 IP 地址taints:- effect: NoSchedulekey: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
---
apiServer:timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controllerManager: {}
dns:type: CoreDNS
etcd:local:dataDir: /var/lib/etcd //etcd 容器挂载到本地的目录
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers //修改为国内地址
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.19.0
networking:dnsDomain: cluster.localserviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16 //新增加 Pod 网段
scheduler: {}2.5、安装master节点
拉取所需镜像
[rootk8s-master ~]# kubeadm config images list --config init-config.yaml
W0816 18:15:37.343955 20212 configset.go:348] WARNING: kubeadm cannot validate component configs for API groups [kubelet.config.k8s.io kubeproxy.config.k8s.io]
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.19.0
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.19.0
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.19.0
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.19.0
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.2
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.9-1
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.7.0[rootk8s-master ~]# ls | while read line
do
docker load $line
done安装matser节点
[rootk8s-master ~]# kubeadm init --configinit-config.yaml //初始化安装K8S
根据提示操作
kubectl 默认会在执行的用户家目录下面的.kube 目录下寻找config 文件。这里是将在初始化时[kubeconfig]步骤生成的admin.conf 拷贝到.kube/config
[rootk8s-master ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[rootk8s-master ~]# cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[rootk8s-master ~]# chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config Kubeadm 通过初始化安装是不包括网络插件的也就是说初始化之后是不具备相关网络功能的比如 k8s-master 节点上查看节点信息都是“Not Ready”状态、Pod 的 CoreDNS无法提供服务等。
2.6、安装node节点
根据master安装时的提示信息
[rootk8s-node01 ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.147.137:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:db9458ca9d8eaae330ab33da5e28f61778515af2ec06ff14f79d94285445ece9 [rootk8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master NotReady master 2m22s v1.19.0
k8s-node01 NotReady none 15s v1.19.0
k8s-node02 NotReady none 11s v1.19.0前面已经提到在初始化 k8s-master 时并没有网络相关配置所以无法跟 node 节点通信因此状态都是“NotReady”。但是通过 kubeadm join 加入的 node 节点已经在k8s-master 上可以看到。
2.7、安装flannel、cni
Master 节点NotReady 的原因就是因为没有使用任何的网络插件此时Node 和Master的连接还不正常。目前最流行的Kubernetes 网络插件有Flannel、Calico、Canal、Weave 这里选择使用flannel。 所有主机上传flannel_v0.12.0-amd64.tar、cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
[rootk8s-master ~]# docker load flannel_v0.12.0-amd64.tar
[rootk8s-master ~]# tar xf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
[rootk8s-master ~]# cp flannel /opt/cni/bin/
master上传kube-flannel.yml
master主机配置
[rootk8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
[rootk8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master Ready master 7m8s v1.19.0
k8s-node01 Ready none 5m1s v1.19.0
k8s-node02 Ready none 4m57s v1.19.0
[rootk8s-master ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-6d56c8448f-8282g 1/1 Running 0 7m19s
coredns-6d56c8448f-wrdw6 1/1 Running 0 7m19s
etcd-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 7m30s
kube-apiserver-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 7m30s
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 7m30s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-pvzxl 1/1 Running 0 62s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-qkjtd 1/1 Running 0 62s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-szwp4 1/1 Running 0 62s
kube-proxy-9fbkb 1/1 Running 0 7m19s
kube-proxy-p2txx 1/1 Running 0 5m28s
kube-proxy-zpb98 1/1 Running 0 5m32s
kube-scheduler-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 7m30s已经是ready状态
2.8、部署测试应用
所有node主机导入测试镜像
[rootk8s-node01 ~]# docker load nginx-1.19.tar
[rootk8s-node01 ~]# docker tag nginx nginx:1.19.6在Kubernetes集群中创建一个pod验证是否正常运行。
[rootk8s-master demo]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[rootk8s-master demo]# vim nginx-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: nginx-deploymentlabels:app: nginx
spec:replicas: 3selector: matchLabels:app: nginxtemplate:metadata:labels:app: nginxspec:containers:- name: nginximage: nginx:1.19.6ports:- containerPort: 80创建完 Deployment 的资源清单之后使用 create 执行资源清单来创建容器。通过 get pods 可以查看到 Pod 容器资源已经自动创建完成。
[rootk8s-master demo]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-deployment-76ccf9dd9d-29ch8 1/1 Running 0 8s
nginx-deployment-76ccf9dd9d-lm7nl 1/1 Running 0 8s
nginx-deployment-76ccf9dd9d-lx29n 1/1 Running 0 8s
[rootk8s-master demo]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
nginx-deployment-76ccf9dd9d-29ch8 1/1 Running 0 18s 10.244.2.4 k8s-node02 none none
nginx-deployment-76ccf9dd9d-lm7nl 1/1 Running 0 18s 10.244.1.3 k8s-node01 none none
nginx-deployment-76ccf9dd9d-lx29n 1/1 Running 0 18s 10.244.2.3 k8s-node02 none none创建Service资源清单
在创建的 nginx-service 资源清单中定义名称为 nginx-service 的 Service、标签选择器为 app: nginx、type 为 NodePort 指明外部流量可以访问内部容器。在 ports 中定义暴露的端口库号列表对外暴露访问的端口是 80容器内部的端口也是 80。 [rootk8s-master demo]# vim nginx-service.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:name: nginx-service
spec:selector:app: nginxtype: NodePortports:- protocol: TCPport: 80
targetPort: 80[rootk8s-master demo]# vim nginx-server.yaml
[rootk8s-master demo]# kubectl create -f nginx-server.yaml
service/nginx-service created
[rootk8s-master demo]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 none 443/TCP 7m46s
nginx-service NodePort 10.106.168.130 none 80:31487/TCP 10s3、部署Prometheus监控平台
3.1、准备Prometheus相关YAML文件
在master节点/opt目录下新建pgmonitor目录
[rootk8s-master ~]# mkdir /opt/pgmonitor
[rootk8s-master ~]# cd /opt/pgmonitor将下载yaml包上传至/opt/pgmonitor目录并解压
[rootk8s-master pgmonitor]# unzip k8s-prometheus-grafana-master.zip
3.2、部署prometheus
部署守护进程
[rootk8s-master pgmonitor]# cd k8s-prometheus-grafana-master/
[rootk8s-master k8s-prometheus-grafana-master]# kubectl create -f node-exporter.yaml
daemonset.apps/node-exporter created
service/node-exporter created部署其他yaml文件
进入/opt/pgmonitor/k8s-prometheus-grafana-master/prometheus目录
[rootk8s-master k8s-prometheus-grafana-master]# cd prometheus 部署rbac、部署configmap.yaml、部署prometheus.deploy.yml、部署prometheus.svc.yml
[rootk8s-master prometheus]# kubectl create -f rbac-setup.yaml
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus created
serviceaccount/prometheus created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus created
[rootk8s-master prometheus]# kubectl create -f configmap.yaml
configmap/prometheus-config created
[rootk8s-master prometheus]# kubectl create -f prometheus.deploy.yml
deployment.apps/prometheus created
[rootk8s-master prometheus]# kubectl create -f prometheus.svc.yml
service/prometheus created查看prometheus状态
[rootk8s-master prometheus]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-6d56c8448f-8zrt7 1/1 Running 0 14m
coredns-6d56c8448f-hzm5v 1/1 Running 0 14m
etcd-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 15m
kube-apiserver-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 15m
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 15m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-4654f 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-bpx5q 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-nnhlh 1/1 Running 0 11m
kube-proxy-2sps9 1/1 Running 0 13m
kube-proxy-99hn4 1/1 Running 0 13m
kube-proxy-s624n 1/1 Running 0 14m
kube-scheduler-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 15m
node-exporter-brgw6 1/1 Running 0 3m28s
node-exporter-kvvgp 1/1 Running 0 3m28s
prometheus-68546b8d9-vmjms 1/1 Running 0 87s4、部署Grafana服务
4.1、部署Grafana相关yaml文件
进入/opt/pgmonitor/k8s-prometheus-grafana-master/grafana目录
[rootk8s-master prometheus]# cd ../grafana/部署grafana-deploy.yaml、部署grafana-svc.yaml、部署grafana-ing.yaml
[rootk8s-master prometheus]# cd ../grafana/
[rootk8s-master grafana]# kubectl create -f grafana-deploy.yaml
deployment.apps/grafana-core created
[rootk8s-master grafana]# kubectl create -f grafana-svc.yaml
service/grafana created
[rootk8s-master grafana]# kubectl create -f grafana-ing.yaml
Warning: extensions/v1beta1 Ingress is deprecated in v1.14, unavailable in v1.22; use networking.k8s.io/v1 Ingress
ingress.extensions/grafana created查看Grafana状态
[rootk8s-master grafana]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-6d56c8448f-8zrt7 1/1 Running 0 18m
coredns-6d56c8448f-hzm5v 1/1 Running 0 18m
etcd-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 18m
grafana-core-6d6fb7566-vphhz 1/1 Running 0 115s
kube-apiserver-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 18m
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 18m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-4654f 1/1 Running 0 14m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-bpx5q 1/1 Running 0 14m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-nnhlh 1/1 Running 0 14m
kube-proxy-2sps9 1/1 Running 0 16m
kube-proxy-99hn4 1/1 Running 0 16m
kube-proxy-s624n 1/1 Running 0 18m
kube-scheduler-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 18m
node-exporter-brgw6 1/1 Running 0 6m55s
node-exporter-kvvgp 1/1 Running 0 6m55s
prometheus-68546b8d9-vmjms 1/1 Running 0 4m54s4.2、配置Grafana数据源
查看grafana的端口
[rootk8s-master grafana]# kubectl get svc -n kube-system
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
grafana NodePort 10.105.158.0 none 3000:31191/TCP 2m19s
kube-dns ClusterIP 10.96.0.10 none 53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP 19m
node-exporter NodePort 10.111.78.61 none 9100:31672/TCP 7m25s
prometheus NodePort 10.98.254.105 none 9090:30003/TCP 5m12s通过浏览器访问grafanahttp://[masterIP]:[grafana端口]
例如http://192.168.200.111:31191默认的用户名和密码admin/admin 设置DataSource 名字自定义、url是cluster-IP 进入Import 输入315并移除光标等一会儿即可进入下一个页面
