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Spring通过任务执行器#xff08;TaskExecutor#xff09;来实现多线程和并发编程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor实现一个基于线程池的TaskExecutor配置类中EnableAsync开启对异步任务的支持使用Async声明该任务为异步
①、配置类
Configuration
ComponentScan(TaskExecutor来实现多线程和并发编程ThreadPoolTaskExecutor实现一个基于线程池的TaskExecutor配置类中EnableAsync开启对异步任务的支持使用Async声明该任务为异步
①、配置类
Configuration
ComponentScan(com.xxx.taskExecutor)
EnableAsync //开启异步任务
public class TaskExecutorConfig implements AsyncConfigurer{//获取一个基于线程池的TaskExecutorOverridepublic Executor getAsyncExecutor(){ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(10);taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(25);taskExecutor.initialize();return taskExecutor;}Overridepubic AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler(){return null;}
}②、任务执行类
这里的方法自动被注入使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor作为TaskExecutor
Service
public class AsyncTaskService{Async //该方法是异步方法如果注解到类上标识该类所有方法都是异步的public void executeAsyncTask(Integer i){System.out.println(执行异步任务i);}Asyncpublic void executeAsyncTaskPlus(Integer i){System.out.println(执行异步任务1(i1));}
}③、运行
结果是并发执行而不是顺序执行
public class Main{public static void main(String[] args){AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(TaskExecutorConfig.class);AsyncTaskService asyncTaskService context.getBean(TaskExecutorConfig.class);for(int i 0;i 10;i){asyncTaskService.executeAsyncTask(i);asyncTaskService.executeAsyncTaskPlus(i);}context.close();}
}异步任务执行服务ExecutorService
任务的提交和任务的执行相分离
执行服务封装了任务执行的细节线程创建、关闭任务调度提交关注任务本身提交任务、获取结果、取消任务
public class BasicDemo{static class Task implements CallableInteger{int sleepSeconds new Random().nextInt(1000);Thread.sleep(sleepSeconds);return sleepSeconds;}public static void main(String[] args){ExecutorService executor Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();FutureInteger future executor.submit(new Task());//模拟其他任务Thread.sleep(100);try{System.out.println(future.get());}catch(ExecutionException e){e.printStackTrace();}executor.shutdown();}
}Enable*注解
EnableAspectJAutoProxy 开启对AspectJ自动代理的支持 EnableAsync 开启异步方法的支持 EnableScheduling 开启计划任务的支持
EnableWebMvc 开启Web MVC的配置支持 EnableConfigurationProperties开启对ConfigurationProperties注解配置Bean的支持 EnableJpaRepositories开启对Spring Data Repository的支持 EnableTransactionManagement开启对注解式事务的支持 EnableCaching开启注解式的缓存支持
以上所有开启功能的共性都有一个Import用来导入配置类
一、直接导入配置类
Target(ElementType.TYPE)
Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
Import(SchedulingConfiguration.class)//直接导入配置类
Documented
public interface EnableScheduling{}二、依据条件选择配置类
Target(ElementType.TYPE)
Retention(RetentionPlicy.RUNTIME)
Documented
Import(AsyncConfigurationSelector.class)//通过条件来选择需要导入的
public interface EnableAsync{Class? extends Annotation annotation() default Annotation.class;boolean proxyTargetClass() default false;AdviceMode mode() default AdviceMode.PROXY;int order() default Order.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE;
}三、动态注册Bean
Target(ElementType.TYPE)
Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
Documented
Import(AspectJAutoProxyRegistrar.class)//运行时自动添加Bean到已有的配置类
public interface EnableAspectJAutoProxy{boolean proxyTargetClass() default false;
}Spring测试
Spring通过Spring TestContext Framework对集成测试提供顶级支持 不依赖特定框架既可以用Junit也可以用TestNG
Spring提供了一个SpringJUnit4ClassRunner类 该类提供了Spring TestContext Framework的功能通过ContextConfiguration来配置Application Context 通过ActiveProfiles确定活动的profile
①、依赖
spring-test junit
②、业务代码
public class TestBean{private String content;public TestBean(String content){super();this.content content;}public String getContent(){return content;}public void setContent(String content){this.content content;}
}③、配置类
Configuration
public class TestConfig{BeanProfile(dev)public TestBean devTestBean(){return new TestBean(from development profile);}BeanProfile(prod)public TestBean prodTestBean(){return new TestBean(from production profile);}
}④、测试java
RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//JUnit环境下提供Spring TestContext Framework的功能
ContextConfiguration(classes {TestConfig.class})//用来加载配置ApplicationContext其中classes属性用来加载配置类
ActiveProfiles(prod)//用来声明活动的profile
public class DemoBeanIntegrationTests{Autowiredprivate TestBean testBean;Testpublic void prodBeanShouldInject(){String expected from production profile;String actual testBean.getContent();Assert.assertEquals(expected,actual);}
}
