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1.SpringMVC介绍
springMVC是一种基于Java实现MVC模型的轻量级Web框架
优点#xff1a; 使用简单#xff0c;开发便捷#xff08;相较于Servelt#xff09; 灵活性强
使用SpringMVC技术开发web程序流程 创建web工程#xff08;Maven结构#xff09; 设置…SpringMVC
1.SpringMVC介绍
springMVC是一种基于Java实现MVC模型的轻量级Web框架
优点 使用简单开发便捷相较于Servelt 灵活性强
使用SpringMVC技术开发web程序流程 创建web工程Maven结构 设置tomcat服务器加载web工程tomcat插件 导入坐标SpringMVCServlet 定义处理请求的功能类UserController 设置请求映射配置映射关系 将SpringMVC设定加载到Tomcat容器中
SpringMVC入门案例 导入SpringMVC坐标与Servlet坐标 dependencygroupIdjavax.servlet/groupIdartifactIdservlet-api/artifactIdversion2.5/versionscopeprovided/scope/dependencydependencygroupIdorg.springframework/groupIdartifactIdspring-webmvc/artifactIdversion5.1.5.RELEASE/version
/dependency 初始化SpringMVC环境 Configuration
public class SpringMvcConfig {
} 创建SpringMVC控制器类等同于Servlet功能 Controller
public class UserController {RequestMapping(/save)ResponseBodypublic String save(){System.out.println(user save ...);return {info:springmvc};}
} 设定SpringMVC加载对应的bean Configuration
ComponentScan(com.zkw.controller)
public class SpringMvcConfig {
} 初始化Servlet容器加载SpringMVC环境并设置SpringMVC请求拦截的路径 public class ServletContainersInitConfig extends AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer {Overrideprotected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext() {AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();ctx.register(SpringMvcConfig.class);return ctx;}
Overrideprotected String[] getServletMappings() {return new String[]{/}; //所有的请求都归springmvc处理}
Overrideprotected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext() {return null;}
}
部分代码介绍 RequestMapping设置当前控制器方法请求访问路径 ResponseBody设置当前控制器方法响应内容为当前返回值无需解析 createServletApplicationContext protected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext()//加载容器 {AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();//初始化容器对象ctx.register(SpringMvcConfig.class);//将配置注册到容器中return ctx;} getServletMappings设定那些请求归springmvc处理
2.bean的加载控制
因为功能不同如何避免Spring错误的加载到S平日那个MVC的bean
A加载Spring控制的bean的时候排除掉SpringMVC控制的bean
方式一设定扫描范围为com.zkw排除掉controller包内的bean
Configuration
ComponentScan({com.zkw.service,com.zkw.dao})
public class SpringConfig{
}
方式二设定扫描范围为精准范围如service包、dao包等
Configuration
ComponentScan(valuecom.zkw,excludeFilters ComponentScan.Filtertype FilterType.ANNOTATION,//排除方法classes Controller.class)
public class SpringConfig{
}
简化开发
public class ServletContainersInitConfig extend AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServeletInitializer{protected Class?[] getServletConfigClasses() {return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class};}protected String[] getServletMappings(){return new String[]{/};}protected Class?[] getRootConfigClasses(){return new Class[0];}
}
3.请求与响应
1.请求映射路
Controller
RequestMapping(/user)
public class UserController {RequestMapping(/save)ResponseBodypublic String save(){System.out.println(user save ...);return {module:user save};}RequestMapping(/delete)ResponseBodypublic String delete(){System.out.println(user delete ...);return {module:user delete};}
}
2.参数传递
Get请求传参
普通参数url地址传参
public class UserController {RequestMapping(/commonParam)ResponseBodypublic String commonParam(String name){System.out.println(普通参数传递 name name);return {module:common param};}
}
Post请求传参
传参汉字会出现乱码问题添加字符过滤器
//乱码处理
Override
protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {CharacterEncodingFilter filter new CharacterEncodingFilter();filter.setEncoding(UTF-8);return new Filter[]{filter};
}
普通参数请求参数名与形参名不同
public class UserController {RequestMapping(/commonParam)ResponseBodypublic String commonParam(RequestParam(name) String userName){System.out.println(普通参数传递 name userName);return {module:common param};}
}
集合参数
public class UserController {RequestMapping(/listParam)ResponseBodypublic String commonParam(RequestParam ListString likes){System.out.println(集合参数传递 likes likes);return {module:list param};}
}
传递json数据 导入JSON坐标 dependencygroupIdcom.fasterxml.jackson.core/groupIdartifactIdjackson-databind/artifactIdversion2.9.0/version
/dependency EnableWebMvc开启自动转换json对象的支持 集合参数json格式 在方法体里不在RequestParam中 public String listParamForJson(RequestBody ListString likes) {System.out.println(list common(json)参数传递 list likes);return {module:list common for json param};
}
POJO参数JSON格式
{name:itcast,age;15
}
RequestBody和RequestParam区别 区别 RequestParam用于接收url地址传参表单传参 RequestBody用于接收json数据 应用 后期开发中发送json格式数据为主RequestBody应用较广 如果发送非json格式数据选用RequestParam接收请求参数
日期类型参数传递
接收形参时根据不同的日期格式设置不同的接收方式
RequestMapping(/dataParam)
ResponseBody
public String dataParam(Date date,DateTimeFormat(patternyyyy-MM-dd)Date date1,DateTimeFormat(patternyyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss)Date date2){System.out.println(...);System.out.println(...);System.out.println(...);return {module:data param};}
3.响应 响应页面 RequestMapping(/toPage)
public String toPage(){return page.jsp;
} 响应文本数据 RequestMapping(/toPage)
ResponseBody
public String toPage(){return page.jsp;
} 响应json数据 RequestMapping(/toJsonPOJO)
ResponseBody
public String toJsonPOJO(){User user new User();user.setName(赵云);user.setAge(41);return user;
} 响应json数据集合 RequestMapping(/toJsonPOJO)
ResponseBody
public String toJsonPOJO(){User user new User();user.setName(赵云);user.setAge(41);return user;User user2 new User();user2.setName(神赵云);user2.setAge(40);ListUser userList new ArrayListUser();userList.add(user1);userList.add(user2);return userList;
}
4.REST风格
RESTRepresentational State Transfer表现形式状态转换
可以隐藏资源的访问行为无法通过地址得知对资源是何种操作 设置http请求动作RequestMethod public class UserController {RequestMapping(value /users,method RequestMethod.POST)ResponseBodypublic String save(){System.out.println(user save ...);return {module:user save};}RequestMapping(value /users,method RequestMethod.PUT)ResponseBodypublic String update(){System.out.println(user update ...);return {module:user update};}RequestMapping(value /users,method RequestMethod.GET)ResponseBodypublic String getAll(){System.out.println(user getAll ...);return {module:user getAll};}
} 设定请求参数/users/{id} 和 PathVariable) RequestMapping(value /users/{id},method RequestMethod.DELETE)ResponseBodypublic String delete(PathVariable Integer id){System.out.println(user delete ... id);return {module:user delete};}RequestMapping(value /users/{id},method RequestMethod.GET)ResponseBodypublic String getById(PathVariable Integer id){System.out.println(user getById ...);return {module:user getById};
PathVariable
用于接收路径参数使用{参数名称}描述路劲参数
RESTful快速开发
RestController
RequestMapping(/books)
public class UserController {PostMappingpublic String save(){System.out.println(user save ...);return {module:user save};}PutMappingpublic String update(){System.out.println(user update ...);return {module:user update};}DeleteMappingpublic String delete(PathVariable Integer id){System.out.println(user delete ... id);return {module:user delete};}GetMappingpublic String getById(PathVariable Integer id){System.out.println(user getById ...);return {module:user getById};}GetMappingpublic String getAll(){System.out.println(user getAll ...);return {module:user getAll};}
}
RestController:Controller和ResponseBody两个注解组合功能
