二手网站排名,怎么建立网站平台,wordpress数据字典,html代码编写这里写目录标题 Kubeadm - K8S1.20 - 高可用集群部署一.环境准备1.系统设置 二.所有节点安装docker三.所有节点安装kubeadm#xff0c;kubelet和kubectl1.定义kubernetes源2.高可用组件安装、配置 四.部署K8S集群五.问题解决1.加入集群的 Token 过期2.master节点 无法部署非系… 这里写目录标题 Kubeadm - K8S1.20 - 高可用集群部署一.环境准备1.系统设置 二.所有节点安装docker三.所有节点安装kubeadmkubelet和kubectl1.定义kubernetes源2.高可用组件安装、配置 四.部署K8S集群五.问题解决1.加入集群的 Token 过期2.master节点 无法部署非系统Pod3.修改NodePort的默认端口4.外部 etcd 部署配置 Kubeadm - K8S1.20 - 高可用集群部署
一.环境准备
1.系统设置
注意事项 master节点cpu核心数要求大于2 ●最新的版本不一定好但相对于旧版本核心功能稳定但新增功能、接口相对不稳 ●学会一个版本的 高可用部署其他版本操作都差不多 ●宿主机尽量升级到CentOS 7.9 ●内核kernel升级到 4.19 这种稳定的内核 ●部署k8s版本时尽量找 1.xx.5 这种大于5的小版本这种一般是比较稳定的版本
//所有节点关闭防火墙规则关闭selinux关闭swap交换
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
sed -i s/enforcing/disabled/ /etc/selinux/config
iptables -F iptables -t nat -F iptables -t mangle -F iptables -X
swapoff -a
sed -ri s/.*swap.*/#/ /etc/fstab//修改主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname master01
hostnamectl set-hostname master02
hostnamectl set-hostname master03
hostnamectl set-hostname node01
hostnamectl set-hostname node02//所有节点修改hosts文件
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.82.100 master01
192.168.82.101 master02
192.168.82.102 master03
192.168.82.103 node01
192.168.82.104 node02//所有节点时间同步
yum -y install ntpdate
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
echo Asia/Shanghai /etc/timezone
ntpdate time2.aliyun.comsystemctl enable --now crondcrontab -e
*/30 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time2.aliyun.com//所有节点实现Linux的资源限制
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 65535
* hard nproc 655350
* soft memlock unlimited
* hard memlock unlimited//所有节点升级内核
wget http://193.49.22.109/elrepo/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-devel-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm -O /opt/kernel-ml-devel-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
wget http://193.49.22.109/elrepo/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm -O /opt/kernel-ml-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpmcd /opt/
yum localinstall -y kernel-ml*#更改内核启动方式
grub2-set-default 0 grub2-mkconfig -o /etc/grub2.cfg
grubby --argsuser_namespace.enable1 --update-kernel$(grubby --default-kernel)
grubby --default-kernel
reboot//调整内核参数
cat /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf EOF
net.ipv4.ip_forward 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables 1
fs.may_detach_mounts 1
vm.overcommit_memory1
vm.panic_on_oom0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches89100
fs.file-max52706963
fs.nr_open52706963
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max2310720net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time 600
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes 3
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl 15
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets 36000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans 327680
net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries 3
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog 16384
net.ipv4.ip_conntrack_max 65536
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps 0
net.core.somaxconn 16384
EOF#生效参数
sysctl --system //加载 ip_vs 模块
for i in $(ls /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs|grep -o ^[^.]*);do echo $i; /sbin/modinfo -F filename $i /dev/null 21 /sbin/modprobe $i;done二.所有节点安装docker
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.iomkdir /etc/docker
cat /etc/docker/daemon.json EOF
{registry-mirrors: [https://xxxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com],exec-opts: [native.cgroupdriversystemd],log-driver: json-file,log-opts: {max-size: 500m, max-file: 3}
}
EOFsystemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker.service
systemctl enable docker.service docker info | grep Cgroup Driver
Cgroup Driver: systemd
三.所有节点安装kubeadmkubelet和kubectl
1.定义kubernetes源
cat /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo EOF
[kubernetes]
nameKubernetes
baseurlhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled1
gpgcheck0
repo_gpgcheck0
gpgkeyhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOFyum install -y kubelet-1.20.15 kubeadm-1.20.15 kubectl-1.20.15#配置Kubelet使用阿里云的pause镜像
cat /etc/sysconfig/kubelet EOF
KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS--cgroup-driversystemd --pod-infra-container-imageregistry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.2
EOF//开机自启kubelet
systemctl enable --now kubelet
2.高可用组件安装、配置
//所有 master 节点部署 Haproxy
yum -y install haproxy keepalivedcat /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg EOF
globallog 127.0.0.1 local0 infolog 127.0.0.1 local1 warningchroot /var/lib/haproxypidfile /var/run/haproxy.pidmaxconn 4000user haproxygroup haproxydaemonstats socket /var/lib/haproxy/statsdefaultsmode tcplog globaloption tcplogoption dontlognulloption redispatchretries 3timeout queue 1mtimeout connect 10stimeout client 1mtimeout server 1mtimeout check 10smaxconn 3000frontend monitor-inbind *:33305mode httpoption httplogmonitor-uri /monitorfrontend k8s-masterbind *:6444 mode tcpoption tcplogdefault_backend k8s-masterbackend k8s-mastermode tcpoption tcplogoption tcp-checkbalance roundrobinserver k8s-master1 192.168.82.100:6443 check inter 10000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1server k8s-master2 192.168.82.101:6443 check inter 10000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1server k8s-master3 192.168.82.102:6443 check inter 10000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1
EOF
//所有 master 节点部署 keepalived
yum -y install keepalivedcd /etc/keepalived/
vim keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {router_id LVS_HA1 #路由标识符每个节点配置不同
}vrrp_script chk_haproxy {script /etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.shinterval 2weight 2
}vrrp_instance VI_1 {state MASTER #本机实例状态MASTER/BACKUP备机配置文件中设置BACKUPinterface ens33virtual_router_id 51priority 100 #本机初始权重备机设置小于主机的值advert_int 1virtual_ipaddress {192.168.82.200 #设置VIP地址}track_script {chk_haproxy}
}vim check_haproxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
if ! killall -0 haproxy; thensystemctl stop keepalived
fisystemctl enable --now haproxy
systemctl enable --now keepalived四.部署K8S集群
//在 master01 节点上设置集群初始化配置文件
kubeadm config print init-defaults /opt/kubeadm-config.yamlcd /opt/
vim kubeadm-config.yaml
......
11 localAPIEndpoint:
12 advertiseAddress: 192.168.82.100 #指定当前master节点的IP地址
13 bindPort: 6443 #注意haproxy中的后端端口21 apiServer:
22 certSANs: #在apiServer属性下面添加一个certsSANs的列表添加所有master节点的IP地址和集群VIP地址
23 - 192.168.82.200
24 - 192.168.82.100
25 - 192.168.82.101
26 - 192.168.82.10230 clusterName: kubernetes
31 controlPlaneEndpoint: 192.168.82.200:6444 #指定集群VIP地址注意与haproxy的前端访问端口一致
32 controllerManager: {}38 imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers #指定镜像下载地址
39 kind: ClusterConfiguration
40 kubernetesVersion: v1.20.15 #指定kubernetes版本号
41 networking:
42 dnsDomain: cluster.local
43 podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16 #指定pod网段10.244.0.0/16用于匹配flannel默认网段
44 serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/16 #指定service网段
45 scheduler: {}
#末尾再添加以下内容
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs #把默认的kube-proxy调度方式改为ipvs模式#更新集群初始化配置文件
kubeadm config migrate --old-config kubeadm-config.yaml --new-config new.yaml//所有节点拉取镜像
#拷贝yaml配置文件给其他主机通过配置文件进行拉取镜像
for i in master02 master03 node01 node02; do scp /opt/new.yaml $i:/opt/; donekubeadm config images pull --config /opt/new.yaml//master01 节点进行初始化
kubeadm init --config new.yaml --upload-certs | tee kubeadm-init.log
#提示
.........
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:mkdir -p $HOME/.kubesudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/configsudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/configAlternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:export KUBECONFIG/etc/kubernetes/admin.confYou should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml with one of the options listed at:https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/You can now join any number of the control-plane node running the following command on each as root:
#master节点加入使用的命令记录kubeadm join 192.168.82.200:6444 --token 7t2weq.bjbawausm0jaxury \--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e76e4525ca29a9ccd5c24142a724bdb6ab86512420215242c4313fb830a4eb98 \--control-plane --certificate-key 0f2a7ff2c46ec172f834e237fcca8a02e7c29500746594c25d995b78c92dde96Please note that the certificate-key gives access to cluster sensitive data, keep it secret!
As a safeguard, uploaded-certs will be deleted in two hours; If necessary, you can use
kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs to reload certs afterward.Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
#node节点加入使用的命令。记录
kubeadm join 192.168.82.200:6444 --token 7t2weq.bjbawausm0jaxury \--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e76e4525ca29a9ccd5c24142a724bdb6ab86512420215242c4313fb830a4eb98#若初始化失败进行的操作
kubeadm reset -f
ipvsadm --clear
rm -rf ~/.kube
再次进行初始化
//master01 节点进行环境配置
#配置 kubectl
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config#修改controller-manager和scheduler配置文件
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml
......#- --port0 #搜索port0把这一行注释掉systemctl restart kubelet#部署网络插件flannel
所有节点上传 flannel 镜像 flannel.tar 和网络插件 cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz 到 /opt 目录master节点上传 kube-flannel.yml 文件
cd /opt
docker load flannel.tarmv /opt/cni /opt/cni_bak
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/binkubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml //所有节点加入集群
#master 节点加入集群
kubeadm join 192.168.82.200:6444 --token 7t2weq.bjbawausm0jaxury \--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e76e4525ca29a9ccd5c24142a724bdb6ab86512420215242c4313fb830a4eb98 \--control-plane --certificate-key 0f2a7ff2c46ec172f834e237fcca8a02e7c29500746594c25d995b78c92dde96mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config#node 节点加入集群
kubeadm join 192.168.82.200:6444 --token 7t2weq.bjbawausm0jaxury \--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e76e4525ca29a9ccd5c24142a724bdb6ab86512420215242c4313fb830a4eb98#在 master01 查看集群信息
kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master01 Ready control-plane,master 2h5m v1.20.15
master02 Ready control-plane,master 2h5m v1.20.15
master03 Ready control-plane,master 2h5m v1.20.15
node01 Ready none 2h5m v1.20.15
node02 Ready none 2h5m v1.20.15kubectl get pod -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-74ff55c5b-4fg44 1/1 Running 2 2h5m
coredns-74ff55c5b-jsdxz 1/1 Running 0 2h5m
etcd-master01 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
etcd-master02 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
etcd-master03 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
kube-apiserver-master01 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
kube-apiserver-master02 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
kube-apiserver-master03 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
kube-controller-manager-master01 1/1 Running 3 2h5m
kube-controller-manager-master02 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
kube-controller-manager-master03 1/1 Running 2 2h5m
kube-flannel-ds-8qtx6 1/1 Running 2 2h4m
kube-flannel-ds-lmzdz 1/1 Running 0 2h4m
kube-flannel-ds-nb9qx 1/1 Running 1 2h4m
kube-flannel-ds-t4l4x 1/1 Running 1 2h4m
kube-flannel-ds-v592x 1/1 Running 1 2h4m
kube-proxy-6gd5j 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
kube-proxy-f8k96 1/1 Running 3 2h5m
kube-proxy-h7nrf 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
kube-proxy-j96b6 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
kube-proxy-mgmx6 1/1 Running 0 2h5m
kube-scheduler-master01 1/1 Running 1 2h5m
kube-scheduler-master02 1/1 Running 2 2h5m
kube-scheduler-master03 1/1 Running 2 2h5m
五.问题解决
1.加入集群的 Token 过期
注意Token值在集群初始化后有效期为 24小时 过了24小时过期。进行重新生成Token再次加入集群新生成的Token为 2小时。1.1、生成Node节点加入集群的 Token
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
kubeadm join 192.168.82.200:16443 --token menw99.1hbsurvl5fiz119n --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e76e4525ca29a9ccd5c24142a724bdb6ab865 12420215242c4313fb830a4eb981.2、生成Master节点加入集群的 --certificate-key
kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs
I1105 12:33:08.201601 93226 version.go:254] remote version is much newer: v1.22.3; falling back to: stable-1.20
[upload-certs] Storing the certificates in Secret kubeadm-certs in the kube-system Namespace
[upload-certs] Using certificate key:
38dba94af7a38700c3698b8acdf8e23f273be07877f5c86f4977dc023e333deb#master节点加入集群的命令
kubeadm join 192.168.82.200:16443 --token menw99.1hbsurvl5fiz119n --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e76e4525ca29a9ccd5c24142a724bdb6ab86512420215242c4313fb830a4eb98 \--control-plane --certificate-key 38dba94af7a38700c3698b8acdf8e23f273be07877f5c86f4977dc023e333deb
2.master节点 无法部署非系统Pod
解析主要是因为master节点被加上污点污点是不允许部署非系统 Pod在 测试 环境可以将污点去除节省资源可利用率。2.1、查看污点
kubectl describe node -l node-role.kubernetes.io/master | grep Taints
Taints: node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule
Taints: node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule
Taints: node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule2.2、取消污点
kubectl taint node -l node-role.kubernetes.io/master node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule-
node/master01 untainted
node/master02 untainted
node/master03 untaintedkubectl describe node -l node-role.kubernetes.io/master | grep Taints
Taints: none
Taints: none
Taints: none3.修改NodePort的默认端口
原理默认k8s的使用端口的范围为30000左右作为对外部提供的端口。我们也可以通过对配置文件的修改去指定默认的对外端口的范围。#报错
The Service nginx-svc is invalid: spec.ports[0].nodePort: Invalid value: 80: provided port is not in the valid range. The range of valid ports is 30000-32767[rootk8s-master1 ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml
- --service-cluster-ip-range10.96.0.0/16
- --service-node-port-range1-65535 #找到后进行添加即可#无需重启k8s会自动生效
4.外部 etcd 部署配置
kubeadm config print init-defaults /opt/kubeadm-config.yamlcd /opt/
vim kubeadm-config.yaml
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:- system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-tokentoken: abcdef.0123456789abcdefttl: 24h0m0susages:- signing- authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:advertiseAddress: 192.168.82.104bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:criSocket: /var/run/dockershim.sockname: master01taints:- effect: NoSchedulekey: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
---
apiServer:certSANs:- 10.96.0.1- 127.0.0.1- localhost- kubernetes- kubernetes.default- kubernetes.default.svc- kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local- 192.168.82.200- 192.168.82.100- 192.168.82.101- 192.168.82.102- master01- master02- master03timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controlPlaneEndpoint: 192.168.82.200:16443
controllerManager: {}
dns:type: CoreDNS
etcd:external: #使用外部etcd的方式endpoints:- https://192.168.82.100:2379- https://192.168.82.101:2379- https://192.168.82.102:2379caFile: /opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem #需要把etcd的证书都复制到所有master节点上certFile: /opt/etcd/ssl/server.pemkeyFile: /opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.20.15
networking:dnsDomain: cluster.localpodSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/16
scheduler: {}
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs
