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SLF4J的日志实现组件关系图如下所示。 SLF4J#xff0c;即Java中的简单日志门面#xff08;Simple Logging Facade for Java#xff09;#xff0c;它为各种日志框架提供简单的抽象接口。
SLF4J最常用的日志实现框架是#xff1a;log4j、logback。一般有s…1 logback概述
SLF4J的日志实现组件关系图如下所示。 SLF4J即Java中的简单日志门面Simple Logging Facade for Java它为各种日志框架提供简单的抽象接口。
SLF4J最常用的日志实现框架是log4j、logback。一般有slf4jlog4j、slf4jlog4j2、slf4jlogback三种日志组合。下面将介绍logback的简单使用和使用中遇到的常见问题。 2 引入依赖 !--logback--dependencygroupIdch.qos.logback/groupIdartifactIdlogback-classic/artifactIdversion1.2.3/version/dependency 3 新增配置
在resources文件夹下面创建logback.xml配置文件。举例如下。
?xml version1.0 encodingUTF-8?
configurationappender namestdout classch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppenderencoder classch.qos.logback.core.encoder.LayoutWrappingEncoderlayout classch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayoutPattern%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{1000}-%M:%L - %msg%n/Pattern/layout/encoder/appenderappender namelogstash classch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppenderfile/app/logs/demoForStudy/logstash.log/filerollingPolicy classch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedRollingPolicy!-- rollover daily --FileNamePattern/app/logs/demoForStudy/logstash.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log/FileNamePattern!-- each file should be at most 10MB, keep 2 days worth of history, but at most 100MB --maxFileSize10MB/maxFileSizemaxHistory2/maxHistorytotalSizeCap100MB/totalSizeCap!-- archive removal will be executed on appender start up --cleanHistoryOnStarttrue/cleanHistoryOnStart/rollingPolicylayout classch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayoutpattern%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{1000}-%M:%L - %msg%n/pattern/layout/appender!-- logger namecom.test levelwarn additivityfalse --
!-- appender-ref refstdout /--
!-- /logger--root levelINFOappender-ref refstdout / !-- 输出到控制台 --appender-ref reflogstash / !-- 输出到logstash --/root/configuration
参数说明如下。
appender输出源主要控制日志输出到哪里比如文件、数据库、控制台打印等。logger记录器用来设置某一个包或者具体某一个类的日志打印级别、以及指定 appender。root也是一个 logger是一个特殊的父 logger。所有的子 logger 最终都会将输出流交给 root除非在子 logger 中配置了additivity“false”。rollingPolicy指定滚动策略按照一定周期或文件大小切割存放日志文件以及指定日志文件的最大大小。
4 问题排查
可能出现的问题如下。
4.1 LoggerFactory is not a Logback LoggerContext but Logback is on the classpath
4.1.1 报错
启动报错如下
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/softwareInstall/maven/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.7.30/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.30.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/softwareInstall/maven/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.2.3/logback-classic-1.2.3.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
Exception in thread main java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: LoggerFactory is not a Logback LoggerContext but Logback is on the classpath. Either remove Logback or the competing implementation (class org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory loaded from file:/softwareInstall/maven/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.7.30/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.30.jar). If you are using WebLogic you will need to add org.slf4j to prefer-application-packages in WEB-INF/weblogic.xml: org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactoryat org.springframework.util.Assert.instanceCheckFailed(Assert.java:702)at org.springframework.util.Assert.isInstanceOf(Assert.java:621)at org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.getLoggerContext(LogbackLoggingSystem.java:290)at org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.beforeInitialize(LogbackLoggingSystem.java:117)at org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener.onApplicationStartingEvent(LoggingApplicationListener.java:232)at org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(LoggingApplicationListener.java:213)at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:172)at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:165)at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:139)at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:127)at org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener.starting(EventPublishingRunListener.java:76)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.lambda$starting$0(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:53)at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.doWithListeners(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:117)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.starting(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:53)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:317)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1309)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1298)at com.hn.liao.study.DemoForStudyApplication.main(DemoForStudyApplication.java:37)
4.1.2 问题原因
从报错可知因为在项目中存在两种SLF4J的日志实现组件slf4j-log4j12和logback-classic即日志实现组件的包冲突导致项目启动报错。
4.1.3 排除slf4j-log4j12依赖
首先右键pom.xml文件通过选项“Maven-show Depedencies”显示项目中包的依赖关系然后在依赖关系文件中直接搜索“slf4j-log4j12”找到该包最后选中该包右键通过选项“Exclude”直接排除此依赖。
操作截图如下所示。 5 参考文献
1Chapter 4: Appenders
2logback详解
3IDEA 报错 LoggerFactory is not a Logback LoggerContext but Logback is on the classpath
4springboot 日志配置logback_springboot logback配置
