点创网站建设,建筑网站的特点,网站建设模板下载免费,建设局工作怎么样文章目录安装部署过程1.修改基本配置2.安装docker3.安装k8s4.kubeadm建立集群5.安装网络插件6.部署dashboard节点安排#xff1a;nameIPmaster172.16.10.21node1172.16.10.22node2172.16.10.23
如果接下来的步骤中没有特殊指明是哪台机器要做的话#xff0c;就都要执行
安装…
文章目录安装部署过程1.修改基本配置2.安装docker3.安装k8s4.kubeadm建立集群5.安装网络插件6.部署dashboard节点安排nameIPmaster172.16.10.21node1172.16.10.22node2172.16.10.23
如果接下来的步骤中没有特殊指明是哪台机器要做的话就都要执行
安装部署过程
1.修改基本配置
1.1.首先安装ubuntu的虚拟机配置静态IP地址使其能够正常上网更换为国内镜像源并且能够被xshell正常连接上如果这步出现问题可以查看我的之前博客Ubuntu系统配置静态IP地址、更换国内源以及连接xshell 1.2.修改主机名配置hosts文件禁用防火墙跟selinux以及swap交换分区(ubuntu默认没有selinux这个功能模块可以忽略 例如master节点上就是
hostnamectl set-hostname master
vim /etc/hosts
cat /etc/hosts
172.16.10.21 master
172.16.10.22 node1
172.16.10.23 node2
ufw disable
swapoff -a sed -i /swap/d /etc/fstab 为什么需要关闭交换分区在集群中我们通常是希望如果出现OOM内存溢出的情况就直接终止这个进程然后kubernetes进行故障转移把这个进程在其他节点上重启起来。而不是出现OOM的时候通过交换分区来延长使用看似没有问题也不会有报错提示给我们但是会导致节点hang住没有响应卡死。更可怕的是有一些集群的swap位于机械硬盘阵列上大量动用swap基本可以等同于死机你甚至连root都登录不上不用提杀掉问题进程了往往结局就是硬盘重启 1.3.修改配置
# Enable kernel modules
sudo modprobe overlay \
sudo modprobe br_netfilter# Add some settings to sysctl
sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.confEOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward 1
EOF# Reload sysctl
sudo sysctl --system2.安装docker
2.1.安装docker
sudo apt update \
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common \
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - \
sudo add-apt-repository deb [archamd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu focal stable \
apt-cache policy docker-ce \
sudo apt install -y containerd.io docker-ce docker-ce-cli \
sudo systemctl status docker2.2配置docker
# Create required directories
sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d# Create daemon json config file
mkdir /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json EOF
{exec-opts: [native.cgroupdriversystemd], registry-mirrors: [https://8i185852.mirror.aliyuncs.com], log-driver: json-file,log-opts: {max-size: 100m},storage-driver: overlay2
}
EOF# Start and enable Services
sudo systemctl daemon-reload \
sudo systemctl restart docker \
sudo systemctl enable dockerkubernetes的cgroup驱动默认是system的而docker的cgroup驱动默认是cgroupfs所以建议将docker的cgroup驱动改为system的与kubernetes保持一致否则易导致kubeadm init失败 3.安装k8s
3.1 安装阿里源以及一些证书之类的
sudo apt update \
sudo apt -y install curl apt-transport-https \
curl -s https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add - \
echo deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list3.2 更新下载
#查看kubeadm kubelet kubectl有哪些版本以及版本安装时的具体名称例如1.23.6是错误的要是1.23.6-00
apt-cache madison kubeadm kubelet kubectl
#安装指定版本的kubeadm kubelet kubectl
sudo apt update \
sudo apt-get -y install kubelet1.23.6-00 kubeadm1.23.6-00 kubectl1.23.6-00 \ # 安装的时候需要指定版本否则会安装最新版本node节点可以不需要安装kubectl
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl #阻止软件自动更新
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet查看安装的情况以及版本
kubectl version --client kubeadm version3.2 拉取k8s的镜像
rootmaster:~# kubeadm config images list
I0207 17:52:14.976303 56639 version.go:255] remote version is much newer: v1.26.1; falling back to: stable-1.23
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.23.16
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.23.16
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.23.16
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.23.16
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.6
k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.5.1-0
k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns:v1.8.6#kubeadm config images pull #本来应该直接拉镜像但是因为这个需要翻墙所以此命令无法执行#拉取阿里镜像
rootmaster:~# kubeadm config print init-defaults kubeadm.conf
rootmaster:~# sed -i s/k8s.gcr.io/registry.aliyuncs.com\/google_containers/g kubeadm.conf
rootmaster:~# kubeadm config images list --config kubeadm.conf
rootmaster:~# kubeadm config images list --config kubeadm.conf #更改镜像名字
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.23.0
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.23.0
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.23.0
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.23.0
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.5.1-0
registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:v1.8.6
#修改镜像名字为阿里镜像名字 前者为阿里云镜像名字 后者为谷歌镜像名字
#前者sudo kubeadm config images list --config kubeadm.conf
#后者sudo kubeadm config images listrootmaster:~# kubeadm config images pull --config kubeadm.conf #拉取阿里镜像
[config/images] Pulled registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.23.0
[config/images] Pulled registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.23.0
[config/images] Pulled registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.23.0
[config/images] Pulled registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.23.0
[config/images] Pulled registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6
[config/images] Pulled registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.5.1-0
[config/images] Pulled registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:v1.8.64.kubeadm建立集群
4.1 首先是在master上的操作
#如果初始化集群失败后要记得先kubeadm reset再继续kubeadm init
#初始化集群配置kubeadm init \--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \--kubernetes-version v1.23.6 \--pod-network-cidr192.168.0.0/16 \--service-cidr10.96.0.0/12 \--apiserver-advertise-address172.16.10.50# 初始化命令参数说明--apiserver-advertise-addres172.16.10.21 这个参数就是master主机的IP地址例如我的Master主机的IP是172.16.10.21
--image-repositoryregistry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers 这个是选择拉取 control plane images 的镜像repo这个是镜像地址由于国外地址无法访问故使用的阿里云仓库地址registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
--kubernetes-versionv1.23.6 这个参数是下载的k8s软件版本号
--service-cidr10.96.0.0/12 这个参数后的IP地址直接就套用10.96.0.0/12 ,以后安装时也套用即可不要更改
--pod-network-cidr10.10.0.0/16 k8s内部的pod节点之间网络可以使用的IP段不能和service-cidr写一样如果不知道怎么配就先用这个10.244.0.0/16最好是和docker0处于同一个网段如果后续安装的网络插件是Calico那么kubeadm init时必须添加此参数#在kubeadm init命令之前会执行一系列被称为pre-flight checks的系统与检查以确保主机环境符合安装要求如果检查失败就直接终止不再进行init操作用户可以通过kubeadm init phase preflight命令执行预检查操作确保系统就绪后再执行init操作或者也可以在执行kubeadm init命令时添加--ignore-preflight-errors参数关闭预检查# 输出如下 ......
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:mkdir -p $HOME/.kubesudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/configsudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/configAlternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:export KUBECONFIG/etc/kubernetes/admin.confYou should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml with one of the options listed at:https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:kubeadm join 172.16.10.21:6443 --token 0t6kt4.e312po5zfm7xpt9y \--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:0f43ed44e4b628e96b27166b97b3b41a9fcc382b53a544e67e219addb25f5571 # 在master上执行下面操作(初始化成功才执行
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config#查看集群状态
kubectl cluster-info
#查看节点状态此时都是NotReady
rootmaster:~# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master NotReady control-plane,master 2d3h v1.23.6
node1 NotReady none 2d3h v1.23.6
node2 NotReady none 2d3h v1.23.6#master产生的token会失效重新产生token的命令为
rootmaster:/lianxi/2.13# kubeadm token create --print-join-command
kubeadm join 172.16.10.21:6443 --token txj249.qbxqb4w5ro2lhgy8 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:0f43ed44e4b628e96b27166b97b3b41a9fcc382b53a544e67e219addb25f5571 4.2 所有node节点分别上执行
kubeadm join 172.16.10.21:6443 --token 0t6kt4.e312po5zfm7xpt9y \--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:0f43ed44e4b628e96b27166b97b3b41a9fcc382b53a544e67e219addb25f5571 # 如果重新加入master也需要先kubeadm reset5.安装网络插件
# 第一种是安装calico插件但是我安装之后有报错所以我后面改成了flannel
# 只需要在master节点上执行
kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.21/manifests/calico.yaml #创建过程会要几分钟完成后所有node节点的状态变为ready
kubectl get nodes #所有节点的状态会变成ready# 第二种是安装flannel插件
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml #记得修改配置文件里的net-conf.json下的Network地址修改为kubeadm init时设置的--pod-network-cidr然后再apply#检查集群
rootmaster:~# kubectl get nodes #安装了网络插件后就都是Ready状态
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master Ready control-plane,master 2d3h v1.23.6
node1 Ready none 2d3h v1.23.6
node2 Ready none 2d3h v1.23.66.部署dashboard
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.2.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
mv recommended.yaml kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
vim kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
cat kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:labels:k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboardname: kubernetes-dashboardnamespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:type: NodePortports:- port: 443targetPort: 8443nodePort: 30001selector:k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboardrootmaster:~# kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created
serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/kubernetes-dashboard created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created
configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
Warning: spec.template.metadata.annotations[seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod]: deprecated since v1.19, non-functional in v1.25; use the seccompProfile field instead
deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper createdrootmaster:~# kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
pod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-577dc49767-tzjls 1/1 Running 0 25m 10.10.166.131 node1 none none
pod/kubernetes-dashboard-6bd77794f-4pqbh 1/1 Running 0 25m 10.10.104.2 node2 none noneNAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.111.188.114 none 8000/TCP 25m k8s-appdashboard-metrics-scraper
service/kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.110.197.85 none 443:30001/TCP 25m k8s-appkubernetes-dashboardrootmaster:~# kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
serviceaccount/dashboard-admin created
rootmaster:~# kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrolecluster-admin --serviceaccountkube-system:dashboard-admin
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/dashboard-admin created
rootmaster:~# kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk /dashboard-admin/{print $1})
Name: dashboard-admin-token-4545w
Namespace: kube-system
Labels: none
Annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: dashboard-adminkubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 37c0d3a6-2c21-4cd7-aa7b-2709be5fd424Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-tokenDataca.crt: 1099 bytes
namespace: 11 bytes
token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6Ikp2OUktLTZXWlpUV3g5aTBlOEwyckxWX3dPelc0RktaTnU3RFhKN1kzcUEifQ.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.QGfm8T1fNWvO85-SEYSwdRNTEnLOuvCrwetI8o6OO_PXYg1Ka_0vp4M6knlPB9a_c2SrMbLFfoBd_6NBj5E1ovywOtrKyM14vBPkRrbmbbWpA0niDNrEYq-OHo_8XWv3q5w3hLfX_K5_GKZNhxLBYiNL_4R7crqILiFK0_vPxm6QPrguGNomNl4PjpOuYSEvQUxYbKnx37Lxc1EW2ZuYnKLvohEs3Ib22znusug3CF624e8Rnh7fGShSh_BaO_nAn54nKl3PsCgUlprlkq7N9JiOoLsWEmXNaWh-Y9RglomFoJOUrE-CnkZX9gODgcJziIZQPzMIpbbd9DWbygUHVA#因为kubernetes-dashboard部署在node2上所以通过https://node2IP:30001可以访问dashboardtoken为上面所示
