怎样申请做自己的网站,深圳高端网站制作价格,专业app开发,品牌设计公司深圳目录 写在前面6 Ansible Vars 变量6.1 playbook中的变量6.1.1 playbook中定义变量的格式6.1.2 举例6.1.3 小tip 6.2 共有变量6.2.1 变量文件6.2.1.1 变量文件编写6.2.1.2 playbook编写6.2.1.3 运行测试 6.2.2 根据主机组使用变量6.2.2.1 groups_vars编写6.2.2.2 playbook编写6.… 目录 写在前面6 Ansible Vars 变量6.1 playbook中的变量6.1.1 playbook中定义变量的格式6.1.2 举例6.1.3 小tip 6.2 共有变量6.2.1 变量文件6.2.1.1 变量文件编写6.2.1.2 playbook编写6.2.1.3 运行测试 6.2.2 根据主机组使用变量6.2.2.1 groups_vars编写6.2.2.2 playbook编写6.2.2.3 测试 6.3 register变量6.3.1 register使用6.3.2 register变量输出的解释-json6.3.3 仅获取需要的输出 6.4 facts变量6.4.1 setup模块获取的facts变量6.4.2 常用的facts变量6.4.3 facts变量的实际案例 写在前面 这是Ansible系列第四篇内容为Ansible Vars的介绍、使用 序号连续上篇笔记 Ansible03-Ansible Playbook剧本详解 回顾一下Ansible架构 6 Ansible Vars 变量
类似于shell脚本的变量但语法格式不同. 在yaml文件中的位置一般处于tasks之上级别同级key为vars也可以通过变量文件引入key为vars_files。
可以定义变量的地方说明在剧本文件中定义比较常用。仅仅限于当前的play使用。register变量(注册变量)iphostname -I 实现脚本中反引号的功能可以获取命令结果。变量文件根据主机清单分分组进行定义变量。如果多个剧本使用相同的变量大型的剧本roles。inventory主机清单中定义变量未来可以用于批量修改主机使用其他很少用了。命令行中几乎不用。facts变量一般用于获取主机基本信息ip、主机名、系统centos/ubuntu。如果不需要可以关闭用于加速剧本的执行。
6.1 playbook中的变量
6.1.1 playbook中定义变量的格式
-hosts: allvars: 变量名1: 值变量名2: 值
...6.1.2 举例
#playbook
[rootmanager playbook]# cat 05.pbvars.yaml
- hosts: frontvars:my_var: Hello, World!tasks:- name: Use playbook-defined variabledebug:msg: {{ my_var }}
- hosts: managervars:my_var: Hello, World!tasks:- name: Use playbook-defined variabledebug:msg: {{ my_var }}# 运行
[rootmanager playbook]# ansible-playbook 05.pbvars.yamlPLAY [front] **********************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148]TASK [Use playbook-defined variable] **********************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148] {msg: Hello, World!
}PLAY [manager] ********************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.151]TASK [Use playbook-defined variable] **********************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.151] {msg: Hello, World!
}PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
192.168.100.148 : ok2 changed0 unreachable0 failed0 skipped0 rescued0 ignored0
192.168.100.151 : ok2 changed0 unreachable0 failed0 skipped0 rescued0 ignored0
6.1.3 小tip 使用变量的时候如果变量是某个选项的开头,则变量引用的时候需要加上双引号. dir: /oldboy/lidao/upload/
file:
path: {{ dir }} #这种要添加,变量是开头.
file:
path: /oldboy-new/{{ dir }} #这种可以不加引号,变量不是开头.在剧本play中定义变量应用:
仅仅在当前play生效.一般用来存放路径,用户名,ip地址,类似于之前使用的脚本.注意引号使用.
6.2 共有变量
可以被多个playbook访问的公用变量
6.2.1 变量文件
6.2.1.1 变量文件编写
[rootmanager playbook]# cat vars.yml
user: www
dir: /tmp/varstest
file: /etc/hosts6.2.1.2 playbook编写
[rootmanager playbook]# cat 06.vars-file.yaml
- hosts: frontvars_files: ./vars.ymltasks:- name: 显示内容debug:msg: vars_file内的内容{{user}} {{dir}} {{file}}6.2.1.3 运行测试
[rootmanager playbook]# ansible-playbook 06.vars-file.yamlPLAY [front] **********************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148]TASK [显示内容] *******************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148] {msg: vars_file内的内容www /tmp/varstest /etc/hosts
}PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
192.168.100.148 : ok2 changed0 unreachable0 failed0 skipped0 rescued0 ignored06.2.2 根据主机组使用变量
可以playbook不引入vars_file根据主机清单自动匹配使用group_vars提前创建好对应关系。 步骤
在playbook文件同级目录下创建目录group_vars创建目录主机组名/变量文件如下
tree -F
├── xxxx.yaml
├── group_vars/
│ │── all/
│ │ └── vars.yml
│ │── lb/
│ │ └── vars2.yml
│ └── data/
│ └── vars3.yml
└── vars.yml
#一般最常用all把所有变量直接给所有主机组用6.2.2.1 groups_vars编写
[rootmanager playbook]# cat group_vars/all/vars.yml
user: testforgroup_vars
nfs_dir: /nfs_backup
web_mount_dir: /web_nfs
nfs_server: storage
[rootmanager playbook]# tree -F
.
├── 07.group_vars.yaml
├── group_vars/└── all/└── vars.yml
6.2.2.2 playbook编写
[rootmanager playbook]# cat 07.group_vars.yaml
- hosts: fronttasks:- name: 显示内容debug:msg: vars_file内的内容{{user}} {{nfs_dir}} {{nfs_server}}
6.2.2.3 测试
[rootmanager playbook]# ansible-playbook 07.group_vars.yamlPLAY [front] **********************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148]TASK [显示内容] *******************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148] {msg: vars_file内的内容testforgroup_vars /nfs_backup storage
}PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
192.168.100.148 : ok2 changed0 unreachable0 failed0 skipped0 rescued0 ignored0
6.3 register变量
本质上就是用来实现脚本中的 反引号功能 . iphostname -I 用户通过命令获取的内容都存放到Register变量中.
用法
#在模块下使用 register: 变量名 的方式
- name: get dateshell: date %Fregister: result
#使用register变量
- name: debugdebug:msg: date的结果{{result}}6.3.1 register使用
#编写playbook
[rootmanager playbook]# cat 08.register.yaml
- hosts: fronttasks:- name: get dateshell: date %Fregister: result #register: 变量名接受上面的模块的结果- name: debugdebug:msg: date的命令结果:{{result}} #使用变量名即可# 测试
[rootmanager playbook]# ansible-playbook 08.register.yamlPLAY [front] **********************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148]TASK [get date] *******************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.100.148]TASK [debug] **********************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148] {msg: date的命令结果:{changed: True, stdout: 2024-05-29, stderr: , rc: 0, cmd: date %F, start: 2024-05-29 13:53:07.655923, end: 2024-05-29 13:53:07.665129, delta: 0:00:00.009206, msg: , stdout_lines: [2024-05-29], stderr_lines: [], failed: False}
}PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
192.168.100.148 : ok3 changed1 unreachable0 failed0 skipped0 rescued0 ignored0
6.3.2 register变量输出的解释-json
{changed: True, stdout: 2024-05-29, stderr: , rc: 0, cmd: date %F, start: 2024-05-29 13:53:07.655923, end: 2024-05-29 13:53:07.665129, delta: 0:00:00.009206, msg: , stdout_lines: [2024-05-29], stderr_lines: [], failed: False}6.3.3 仅获取需要的输出
#修改playbook
[rootmanager playbook]# cat 08.register.yaml
- hosts: fronttasks:- name: get dateshell: date %Fregister: result- name: debugdebug:msg: date的命令结果:{{result.stdout}} #变量名.stdout可以仅输出需要的内容stdout_lines#测试
[rootmanager playbook]# ansible-playbook 08.register.yamlPLAY [front] **********************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148]TASK [get date] *******************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.100.148]TASK [debug] **********************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148] {msg: date的命令结果:2024-05-29
}PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
192.168.100.148 : ok3 changed1 unreachable0 failed0 skipped0 rescued0 ignored0
6.4 facts变量
ansible的内置变量playbook运行时有一个默认的task。用于收集每个主机的基本信息。 信息包括ip、主机名、磁盘…… facts变量的值可以通过setup模块获取返回值为json。
6.4.1 setup模块获取的facts变量
[2024-05-30 22:07:40] [rootmanager ~]# ansible front -m pingstetup
[2024-05-30 22:07:46] 192.168.100.148 | SUCCESS {ansible_facts: {ansible_all_ipv4_addresses: [192.168.100.148],ansible_all_ipv6_addresses: [fe80::20c:29ff:fe8c:f581],ansible_apparmor: {status: disabled},ansible_architecture: x86_64,ansible_bios_date: 07/22/2020,ansible_bios_vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD,ansible_bios_version: 6.00,ansible_board_asset_tag: NA,ansible_board_name: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform,ansible_board_serial: None,ansible_board_vendor: Intel Corporation,ansible_board_version: None,ansible_chassis_asset_tag: No Asset Tag,ansible_chassis_serial: None,ansible_chassis_vendor: No Enclosure,ansible_chassis_version: N/A,ansible_cmdline: {BOOT_IMAGE: (hd0,msdos1)/vmlinuz-4.18.0-448.el8.x86_64,crashkernel: auto,quiet: true,rd.lvm.lv: cs/swap,resume: /dev/mapper/cs-swap,rhgb: true,ro: true,root: /dev/mapper/cs-root},ansible_date_time: {date: 2024-05-30,day: 30,epoch: 1717078069,epoch_int: 1717078069,hour: 22,iso8601: 2024-05-30T14:07:49Z,iso8601_basic: 20240530T220749250313,iso8601_basic_short: 20240530T220749,iso8601_micro: 2024-05-30T14:07:49.250313Z,minute: 07,month: 05,second: 49,time: 22:07:49,tz: CST,tz_dst: CST,tz_offset: 0800,weekday: Thursday,weekday_number: 4,weeknumber: 22,year: 2024},ansible_default_ipv4: {address: 192.168.100.148,alias: ens33,broadcast: 192.168.100.255,gateway: 192.168.100.2,interface: ens33,macaddress: 00:0c:29:8c:f5:81,mtu: 1500,netmask: 255.255.255.0,network: 192.168.100.0,prefix: 24,type: ether},ansible_default_ipv6: {},ansible_device_links: {ids: {dm-0: [dm-name-cs-root,dm-uuid-LVM-XM02qL1zmnDg1RigchdScO0PQwIlGGrmKZUJdkfQCHUDHDmaKXBWS7ddjTvylC6c],dm-1: [dm-name-cs-swap,dm-uuid-LVM-XM02qL1zmnDg1RigchdScO0PQwIlGGrm2MfDkEHILjM7IfU0FWqw6BpsIUAOJUks],dm-2: [dm-name-cs-home,dm-uuid-LVM-XM02qL1zmnDg1RigchdScO0PQwIlGGrm9UrYudORKil6vGwk0NMl4QHREXI9CCft],sda2: [lvm-pv-uuid-1Hyexv-eeJS-2Chi-Ack1-Qddg-90GS-QXw1qW],sr0: [ata-VMware_Virtual_IDE_CDROM_Drive_10000000000000000001]},labels: {},masters: {sda2: [dm-0,dm-1,dm-2]},uuids: {dm-0: [a712c91e-8b89-42e0-9ce6-16e88a49bf95],dm-1: [11a5a2e7-9628-417e-b7f7-5df4e0ea9a1b],dm-2: [4c41ab60-f8e9-4167-84c4-c258f4fd3824],sda1: [e2e2cd86-5a1f-4c24-95d6-2ae74ed3f976]}},ansible_devices: {dm-0: {holders: [],host: ,links: {ids: [dm-name-cs-root,dm-uuid-LVM-XM02qL1zmnDg1RigchdScO0PQwIlGGrmKZUJdkfQCHUDHDmaKXBWS7ddjTvylC6c],labels: [],masters: [],uuids: [a712c91e-8b89-42e0-9ce6-16e88a49bf95]},model: null,partitions: {},removable: 0,rotational: 1,sas_address: null,sas_device_handle: null,scheduler_mode: ,sectors: 133955584,sectorsize: 512,size: 63.88 GB,support_discard: 0,vendor: null,virtual: 1},dm-1: {holders: [],host: ,links: {ids: [dm-name-cs-swap,dm-uuid-LVM-XM02qL1zmnDg1RigchdScO0PQwIlGGrm2MfDkEHILjM7IfU0FWqw6BpsIUAOJUks],labels: [],masters: [],uuids: [11a5a2e7-9628-417e-b7f7-5df4e0ea9a1b]},model: null,partitions: {},removable: 0,rotational: 1,sas_address: null,sas_device_handle: null,scheduler_mode: ,sectors: 8249344,sectorsize: 512,size: 3.93 GB,support_discard: 0,vendor: null,virtual: 1},dm-2: {holders: [],host: ,links: {ids: [dm-name-cs-home,dm-uuid-LVM-XM02qL1zmnDg1RigchdScO0PQwIlGGrm9UrYudORKil6vGwk0NMl4QHREXI9CCft],labels: [],masters: [],uuids: [4c41ab60-f8e9-4167-84c4-c258f4fd3824]},model: null,partitions: {},removable: 0,rotational: 1,sas_address: null,sas_device_handle: null,scheduler_mode: ,sectors: 65404928,sectorsize: 512,size: 31.19 GB,support_discard: 0,vendor: null,virtual: 1},sda: {holders: [],host: SCSI storage controller: Broadcom / LSI 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI (rev 01),links: {ids: [],labels: [],masters: [],uuids: []},model: VMware Virtual S,partitions: {sda1: {holders: [],links: {ids: [],labels: [],masters: [],uuids: [e2e2cd86-5a1f-4c24-95d6-2ae74ed3f976]},sectors: 2097152,sectorsize: 512,size: 1.00 GB,start: 2048,uuid: e2e2cd86-5a1f-4c24-95d6-2ae74ed3f976},sda2: {holders: [cs-swap,cs-home,cs-root],links: {ids: [lvm-pv-uuid-1Hyexv-eeJS-2Chi-Ack1-Qddg-90GS-QXw1qW],labels: [],masters: [dm-0,dm-1,dm-2],uuids: []},sectors: 207616000,sectorsize: 512,size: 99.00 GB,start: 2099200,uuid: null}},removable: 0,rotational: 1,sas_address: null,sas_device_handle: null,scheduler_mode: mq-deadline,sectors: 209715200,sectorsize: 512,size: 100.00 GB,support_discard: 0,vendor: VMware,,virtual: 1},sr0: {holders: [],host: IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01),links: {ids: [ata-VMware_Virtual_IDE_CDROM_Drive_10000000000000000001],labels: [],masters: [],uuids: []},model: VMware IDE CDR10,partitions: {},removable: 1,rotational: 1,sas_address: null,sas_device_handle: null,scheduler_mode: mq-deadline,sectors: 2097151,sectorsize: 512,size: 1024.00 MB,support_discard: 0,vendor: NECVMWar,virtual: 1}},ansible_distribution: CentOS,ansible_distribution_file_parsed: true,ansible_distribution_file_path: /etc/centos-release,ansible_distribution_file_variety: CentOS,ansible_distribution_major_version: 8,ansible_distribution_release: Stream,ansible_distribution_version: 8,ansible_dns: {nameservers: [192.168.100.2],search: [localdomain]},ansible_domain: ,ansible_effective_group_id: 0,ansible_effective_user_id: 0,ansible_ens33: {active: true,device: ens33,features: {esp_hw_offload: off [fixed],esp_tx_csum_hw_offload: off [fixed],fcoe_mtu: off [fixed],generic_receive_offload: on,generic_segmentation_offload: on,highdma: off [fixed],hw_tc_offload: off [fixed],l2_fwd_offload: off [fixed],large_receive_offload: off [fixed],loopback: off [fixed],netns_local: off [fixed],ntuple_filters: off [fixed],receive_hashing: off [fixed],rx_all: off,rx_checksumming: off,rx_fcs: off,rx_gro_hw: off [fixed],rx_gro_list: off,rx_udp_gro_forwarding: off,rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload: off [fixed],rx_vlan_filter: on [fixed],rx_vlan_offload: on,rx_vlan_stag_filter: off [fixed],rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse: off [fixed],scatter_gather: on,tcp_segmentation_offload: on,tls_hw_record: off [fixed],tls_hw_rx_offload: off [fixed],tls_hw_tx_offload: off [fixed],tx_checksum_fcoe_crc: off [fixed],tx_checksum_ip_generic: on,tx_checksum_ipv4: off [fixed],tx_checksum_ipv6: off [fixed],tx_checksum_sctp: off [fixed],tx_checksumming: on,tx_esp_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_fcoe_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_gre_csum_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_gre_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_gso_list: off [fixed],tx_gso_partial: off [fixed],tx_gso_robust: off [fixed],tx_ipxip4_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_ipxip6_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_lockless: off [fixed],tx_nocache_copy: off,tx_scatter_gather: on,tx_scatter_gather_fraglist: off [fixed],tx_sctp_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_tcp6_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation: off,tx_tcp_segmentation: on,tx_tunnel_remcsum_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_udp_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_udp_tnl_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_vlan_offload: on [fixed],tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert: off [fixed],vlan_challenged: off [fixed]},hw_timestamp_filters: [],ipv4: {address: 192.168.100.148,broadcast: 192.168.100.255,netmask: 255.255.255.0,network: 192.168.100.0,prefix: 24},ipv6: [{address: fe80::20c:29ff:fe8c:f581,prefix: 64,scope: link}],macaddress: 00:0c:29:8c:f5:81,module: e1000,mtu: 1500,pciid: 0000:02:01.0,promisc: false,speed: 1000,timestamping: [],type: ether},ansible_env: {BASH_FUNC_which%%: () { ( alias;\n eval ${which_declare} ) | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --read-functions --show-tilde --show-dot $\n},DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS: unix:path/run/user/0/bus,DEBUGINFOD_URLS: https://debuginfod.centos.org/ ,HOME: /root,LANG: en_US.UTF-8,LESSOPEN: ||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s,LOGNAME: root,LS_COLORS: rs0:di01;34:ln01;36:mh00:pi40;33:so01;35:do01;35:bd40;33;01:cd40;33;01:or40;31;01:mi01;05;37;41:su37;41:sg30;43:ca30;41:tw30;42:ow34;42:st37;44:ex01;32:*.tar01;31:*.tgz01;31:*.arc01;31:*.arj01;31:*.taz01;31:*.lha01;31:*.lz401;31:*.lzh01;31:*.lzma01;31:*.tlz01;31:*.txz01;31:*.tzo01;31:*.t7z01;31:*.zip01;31:*.z01;31:*.dz01;31:*.gz01;31:*.lrz01;31:*.lz01;31:*.lzo01;31:*.xz01;31:*.zst01;31:*.tzst01;31:*.bz201;31:*.bz01;31:*.tbz01;31:*.tbz201;31:*.tz01;31:*.deb01;31:*.rpm01;31:*.jar01;31:*.war01;31:*.ear01;31:*.sar01;31:*.rar01;31:*.alz01;31:*.ace01;31:*.zoo01;31:*.cpio01;31:*.7z01;31:*.rz01;31:*.cab01;31:*.wim01;31:*.swm01;31:*.dwm01;31:*.esd01;31:*.jpg01;35:*.jpeg01;35:*.mjpg01;35:*.mjpeg01;35:*.gif01;35:*.bmp01;35:*.pbm01;35:*.pgm01;35:*.ppm01;35:*.tga01;35:*.xbm01;35:*.xpm01;35:*.tif01;35:*.tiff01;35:*.png01;35:*.svg01;35:*.svgz01;35:*.mng01;35:*.pcx01;35:*.mov01;35:*.mpg01;35:*.mpeg01;35:*.m2v01;35:*.mkv01;35:*.webm01;35:*.ogm01;35:*.mp401;35:*.m4v01;35:*.mp4v01;35:*.vob01;35:*.qt01;35:*.nuv01;35:*.wmv01;35:*.asf01;35:*.rm01;35:*.rmvb01;35:*.flc01;35:*.avi01;35:*.fli01;35:*.flv01;35:*.gl01;35:*.dl01;35:*.xcf01;35:*.xwd01;35:*.yuv01;35:*.cgm01;35:*.emf01;35:*.ogv01;35:*.ogx01;35:*.aac01;36:*.au01;36:*.flac01;36:*.m4a01;36:*.mid01;36:*.midi01;36:*.mka01;36:*.mp301;36:*.mpc01;36:*.ogg01;36:*.ra01;36:*.wav01;36:*.oga01;36:*.opus01;36:*.spx01;36:*.xspf01;36:,PATH: /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin,PWD: /root,SELINUX_LEVEL_REQUESTED: ,SELINUX_ROLE_REQUESTED: ,SELINUX_USE_CURRENT_RANGE: ,SHELL: /bin/bash,SHLVL: 2,SSH_CLIENT: 192.168.100.151 60220 22,SSH_CONNECTION: 192.168.100.151 60220 192.168.100.148 22,SSH_TTY: /dev/pts/0,TERM: xterm,USER: root,XDG_RUNTIME_DIR: /run/user/0,XDG_SESSION_ID: 1,_: /usr/libexec/platform-python,which_declare: declare -f},ansible_fibre_channel_wwn: [],ansible_fips: false,ansible_form_factor: Other,ansible_fqdn: front,ansible_hostname: front,ansible_hostnqn: ,ansible_interfaces: [ens33,lo],ansible_is_chroot: false,ansible_iscsi_iqn: ,ansible_kernel: 4.18.0-448.el8.x86_64,ansible_kernel_version: #1 SMP Wed Jan 18 15:02:46 UTC 2023,ansible_lo: {active: true,device: lo,features: {esp_hw_offload: off [fixed],esp_tx_csum_hw_offload: off [fixed],fcoe_mtu: off [fixed],generic_receive_offload: on,generic_segmentation_offload: on,highdma: on [fixed],hw_tc_offload: off [fixed],l2_fwd_offload: off [fixed],large_receive_offload: off [fixed],loopback: on [fixed],netns_local: on [fixed],ntuple_filters: off [fixed],receive_hashing: off [fixed],rx_all: off [fixed],rx_checksumming: on [fixed],rx_fcs: off [fixed],rx_gro_hw: off [fixed],rx_gro_list: off,rx_udp_gro_forwarding: off,rx_udp_tunnel_port_offload: off [fixed],rx_vlan_filter: off [fixed],rx_vlan_offload: off [fixed],rx_vlan_stag_filter: off [fixed],rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse: off [fixed],scatter_gather: on,tcp_segmentation_offload: on,tls_hw_record: off [fixed],tls_hw_rx_offload: off [fixed],tls_hw_tx_offload: off [fixed],tx_checksum_fcoe_crc: off [fixed],tx_checksum_ip_generic: on [fixed],tx_checksum_ipv4: off [fixed],tx_checksum_ipv6: off [fixed],tx_checksum_sctp: on [fixed],tx_checksumming: on,tx_esp_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_fcoe_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_gre_csum_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_gre_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_gso_list: on,tx_gso_partial: off [fixed],tx_gso_robust: off [fixed],tx_ipxip4_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_ipxip6_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_lockless: on [fixed],tx_nocache_copy: off [fixed],tx_scatter_gather: on [fixed],tx_scatter_gather_fraglist: on [fixed],tx_sctp_segmentation: on,tx_tcp6_segmentation: on,tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation: on,tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation: on,tx_tcp_segmentation: on,tx_tunnel_remcsum_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_udp_segmentation: on,tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_udp_tnl_segmentation: off [fixed],tx_vlan_offload: off [fixed],tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert: off [fixed],vlan_challenged: on [fixed]},hw_timestamp_filters: [],ipv4: {address: 127.0.0.1, broadcast: , netmask: 255.0.0.0, network: 127.0.0.0, prefix: 8 }, ipv6: [ { address: ::1, prefix: 128, scope: host } ], mtu: 65536, promisc: false,timestamping: [],type: loopback},ansible_loadavg: {15m: 0.1,1m: 0.2,5m: 0.22},ansible_local: {},ansible_locally_reachable_ips: {ipv4: [127.0.0.0/8,127.0.0.1,192.168.100.148],ipv6: [::1,fe80::20c:29ff:fe8c:f581]},ansible_lsb: {},ansible_lvm: {lvs: {home: {size_g: 31.19,vg: cs},root: {size_g: 63.88,vg: cs},swap: {size_g: 3.93,vg: cs}},pvs: {/dev/sda2: {free_g: 0,size_g: 99.00,vg: cs}},vgs: {cs: {free_g: 0,num_lvs: 3,num_pvs: 1,size_g: 99.00}}},ansible_machine: x86_64,ansible_machine_id: ac3f85584fd24fd9b7d050a72e7917ce,ansible_memfree_mb: 3218,ansible_memory_mb: {nocache: {free: 3386,used: 254},real: {free: 3218,total: 3640,used: 422},swap: {cached: 0,free: 4027,total: 4027,used: 0}},ansible_memtotal_mb: 3640,ansible_mounts: [{block_available: 16136568,block_size: 4096,block_total: 16736272,block_used: 599704,device: /dev/mapper/cs-root,fstype: xfs,inode_available: 33448136,inode_total: 33488896,inode_used: 40760,mount: /,options: rw,seclabel,relatime,attr2,inode64,logbufs8,logbsize32k,noquota,size_available: 66095382528,size_total: 68551770112,uuid: a712c91e-8b89-42e0-9ce6-16e88a49bf95},{block_available: 203832,block_size: 4096,block_total: 259584,block_used: 55752,device: /dev/sda1,fstype: xfs,inode_available: 523978,inode_total: 524288,inode_used: 310,mount: /boot,options: rw,seclabel,relatime,attr2,inode64,logbufs8,logbsize32k,noquota,size_available: 834895872,size_total: 1063256064,uuid: e2e2cd86-5a1f-4c24-95d6-2ae74ed3f976},{block_available: 8106380,block_size: 4096,block_total: 8171624,block_used: 65244,device: /dev/mapper/cs-home,fstype: xfs,inode_available: 16351224,inode_total: 16351232,inode_used: 8,mount: /home,options: rw,seclabel,relatime,attr2,inode64,logbufs8,logbsize32k,noquota,size_available: 33203732480,size_total: 33470971904,uuid: 4c41ab60-f8e9-4167-84c4-c258f4fd3824}],ansible_nodename: front,ansible_os_family: RedHat,ansible_pkg_mgr: dnf,ansible_proc_cmdline: {BOOT_IMAGE: (hd0,msdos1)/vmlinuz-4.18.0-448.el8.x86_64,crashkernel: auto,quiet: true,rd.lvm.lv: [cs/root,cs/swap],resume: /dev/mapper/cs-swap,rhgb: true,ro: true,root: /dev/mapper/cs-root},ansible_processor: [0,GenuineIntel,13th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1340P,1,GenuineIntel,13th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1340P],ansible_processor_cores: 2,ansible_processor_count: 1,ansible_processor_nproc: 2,ansible_processor_threads_per_core: 1,ansible_processor_vcpus: 2,ansible_product_name: VMware Virtual Platform,ansible_product_serial: VMware-56 4d 8f 62 7b d2 12 a4-ee d7 c9 ef 44 8c f5 81,ansible_product_uuid: 628f4d56-d27b-a412-eed7-c9ef448cf581,ansible_product_version: None,ansible_python: {executable: /usr/libexec/platform-python,has_sslcontext: true,type: cpython,version: {major: 3,micro: 8,minor: 6,releaselevel: final,serial: 0},version_info: [3,6,8,final,0]},ansible_python_version: 3.6.8,ansible_real_group_id: 0,ansible_real_user_id: 0,ansible_selinux: {config_mode: enforcing,mode: enforcing,policyvers: 33,status: enabled,type: targeted},ansible_selinux_python_present: true,ansible_service_mgr: systemd,ansible_ssh_host_key_ecdsa_public: AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBFxnKOqZYpwyrGNtXfZE3PszuzzTGiMHAQLdIdrdqLQD/ssIywmk2zaGkhdBgduODbKHZFIc3StPq2zIFWgQcI,ansible_ssh_host_key_ecdsa_public_keytype: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ansible_ssh_host_key_ed25519_public: AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIPrloLDFnE3ApAlo0stYWeqjZwQb5r8wG41F6p4BNONV,ansible_ssh_host_key_ed25519_public_keytype: ssh-ed25519,ansible_ssh_host_key_rsa_public: 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,ansible_ssh_host_key_rsa_public_keytype: ssh-rsa,ansible_swapfree_mb: 4027,ansible_swaptotal_mb: 4027,ansible_system: Linux,ansible_system_capabilities: [],ansible_system_capabilities_enforced: False,ansible_system_vendor: VMware, Inc.,ansible_uptime_seconds: 249,ansible_user_dir: /root,ansible_user_gecos: root,ansible_user_gid: 0,ansible_user_id: root,ansible_user_shell: /bin/bash,ansible_user_uid: 0,ansible_userspace_architecture: x86_64,ansible_userspace_bits: 64,ansible_virtualization_role: guest,ansible_virtualization_tech_guest: [VMware],ansible_virtualization_tech_host: [kvm],ansible_virtualization_type: VMware,discovered_interpreter_python: /usr/libexec/platform-python,gather_subset: [all],module_setup: true},changed: false}
6.4.2 常用的facts变量
ansible_hostname #主机名
ansible_memtotal_mb #内存大小(总计) 单位mb
ansible_processor_vcpus #cpu数量
ansible_default_ipv4.address #默认的网卡ip eth0
ansible_distribution #系统发行版本名字
CentOS Ubuntu Debian ……
ansible_processor_vcpus
ansible_processor_cores
ansible_date_time.date6.4.3 facts变量的实际案例
通过facts变量获取系统的基本信息通过facts变量获取信息并进行判断如果不需要可以进行关闭,加速剧本的运行(hosts行下一行添加gather_facts: no)
- hosts: frontgather_facts: notasks:
.....批量修改系统/etc/motd文件登陆时自动显示的文件 输出主机名内存大小ip发行版本cpu数量核心数量
#playbook编写
[rootmanager playbook]# cat 10.change_moted.yaml
- hosts: fronttasks:- name: template分发motdtemplate:src: templates/motd.j2dest: /etc/motdbackup: yes# - name: cp分发motd# copy:# src: templates/motd.j2# dest: /etc/motd# backup: yes# motd.j2模板编写
[rootmanager templates]# cat motd.j2
welcome to Linux-{{ ansible_hostname }}
--------------------------------------------
主机名: {{ ansible_hostname }}
ip地址: {{ ansible_default_ipv4.address }}
内存大小: {{ ansible_memtotal_mb }}
CPU数量: {{ ansible_processor_vcpus }}
核心总数: {{ ansible_processor_cores }}
发行版本: {{ ansible_distribution }}#运行
[rootmanager playbook]# ansible-playbook 10.change_moted.yamlPLAY [front] **********************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.100.148]TASK [template分发motd] ***********************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.100.148]PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************
192.168.100.148 : ok2 changed1 unreachable0 failed0 skipped0 rescued0 ignored0# 测试
[rootmanager playbook]# ssh rootfront
welcome to Linux-front
--------------------------------------------
主机名: front
ip地址: 192.168.100.148
内存大小: 3640
CPU数量: 2
核心总数: 2
发行版本: CentOS template和copy模块的区别 copy仅仅传输数据,复制文件; template 传输数据,复制文件的时候,文件中的变量会被解析和运行.
